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Biochemical Aspects of Neuroinflammation

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Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders

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Abstract

Neuroinflammation is an active mechanism that protects neural cells from neurotraumatic, neurodegenerative, and neuropsychiatric diseases. Neuroinflammation is accompanied not only by the activation of resident microglia and astrocytes, but also by infiltrating peripheral macrophages, which release a anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, glutamate, and ROS. Persistent neuroinflammation in the brain causes neurodegeneration. Proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines support and propagate neuroinflammation through the activation of PLA2, COX-2, and 5-LOX, which generate proinflammatory lipid mediator (prostaglandins, leukotrienes, thromboxanes, and platelet activating factor). Overproduction of lipid mediators during persistent neuroinflammation is closely associated with neurodegeneration.

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    Akhlaq A. Farooqui

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Farooqui, A. (2014). Biochemical Aspects of Neuroinflammation. In: Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Neurological Disorders. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04111-7_2

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