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Pathogens as Symbionts

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The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota

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Abstract

The generally accepted broad definition of symbiosis is “the living together of different species.” In the case of microbial pathogens, some are clearly symbionts in the sense that they remain with their hosts for exceptionally long periods. For example, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis (TB), has the ability to persist in its human host for decades or even throughout life.

Pathogenicity is not the rule. Indeed, it occurs so infrequently and involves such a relatively small number of species, considering the huge population of bacteria on earth, that it has a freakish aspect. Disease usually results from an inconclusive negotiation for symbiosis, an overstepping of the line by one side or the other, a biological misinterpretation of borders.

—Lewis Thomas (1974)

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  1. Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Givat Shmuel, Israel

    Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg

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Rosenberg, E., Zilber-Rosenberg, I. (2013). Pathogens as Symbionts. In: The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04241-1_9

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