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Electrospun Fluorescent Nanofibers and Their Application in Optical Sensing

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Electrospinning for High Performance Sensors

Part of the book series: NanoScience and Technology ((NANO))

Abstract

Electrospun light-emitting nanofibers are attracting an increasing interest for their potential exploitation in photonic applications, as miniaturized light sources, detectors, waveguides and optical sensors. Fluorescent electrospun fibers can be realized by embedding emissive systems (quantum dots, dyes and bio-chromophores) in optically inert polymer matrices, and by using light-emitting conjugated polymers. The peculiar properties of the electrospinning process allows for obtaining fluorescent fibers featuring typically improved optical properties compared to flat thin films, such as enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield and radiative rates, polarized emission and self-waveguiding of the emitted light. These properties, combined with a high surface area to volume ratio, make these nanostructured materials suitable for high performance optical sensing. This Chapter provides an introductory overview of the properties of fluorescent electrospun nanofibers and presents illustrative examples of their application as optical sensors for the detection of heavy metal ions, explosive compounds and bio-molecules.

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Acknowledgment

The authors acknowledge the support from the Italian Minister of University and Research through the FIRB project RBFR08DJZI “Futuro in Ricerca” and the FIRB Projects RBNE08BNL7 “Merit” and from the Apulia Regional Projects ‘Networks of Public Research Laboratories’, WAFITECH (09) and M. I. T. T. (13). Prof. D. Pisignano is acknowledged for helpful discussion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Arnesano, I-73100, Lecce, Italy

    A. Camposeo, M. Moffa & L. Persano

  2. Soft Materials and Technologies S.r.l., I-73100, Lecce, Italy

    A. Camposeo & L. Persano

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  1. A. Camposeo
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  2. M. Moffa
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Correspondence to A. Camposeo .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Inst. of Atmospheric Pollution Research (IIA), CNR, Monterotondo-Rome, Italy

    Antonella Macagnano

  2. Institute of Atmospheric Pollution Research (IIA), CNR, Monterotondo-Rome, Italy

    Emiliano Zampetti

  3. Centre of Electrochemical Surface Technology (CEST), Wiener Neustadt, Austria

    Erich Kny

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Camposeo, A., Moffa, M., Persano, L. (2015). Electrospun Fluorescent Nanofibers and Their Application in Optical Sensing. In: Macagnano, A., Zampetti, E., Kny, E. (eds) Electrospinning for High Performance Sensors. NanoScience and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-14406-1_6

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