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microRNAs Distinctively Regulate Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells: Functional Implications in Angiogenesis, Atherosclerosis, and In-Stent Restenosis

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microRNA: Basic Science

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 887))

Abstract

Endothelial cells (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) are the main cell types within the vasculature. We describe here how microRNAs (miRs)—noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression via translational repression and/or post-transcriptional degradation—distinctively modulate EC and VSMC function in physiology and disease. In particular, the specific roles of miR-126 and miR-143/145, master regulators of EC and VSMC function, respectively, are deeply explored. We also describe the mechanistic role of miRs in the regulation of the pathophysiology of key cardiovascular processes including angiogenesis, atherosclerosis, and in-stent restenosis post-angioplasty. Drawbacks of currently available therapeutic options are discussed, pointing at the challenges and potential clinical opportunities provided by miR-based treatments.

The original version of this chapter was revised. The erratum to this chapter is available at: DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_13

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Acknowledgements

Dr. Gaetano Santulli is supported by the National Institutes of Health (K99DK107895) and by the American Heart Association (AHA 15SDG25300007).

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  1. Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital—Manhattan, New York, NY, USA

    Gaetano Santulli

  2. “Federico II” University Hospital, Naples, Italy

    Gaetano Santulli

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    Gaetano Santulli

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Santulli, G. (2015). microRNAs Distinctively Regulate Vascular Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells: Functional Implications in Angiogenesis, Atherosclerosis, and In-Stent Restenosis. In: Santulli, G. (eds) microRNA: Basic Science. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 887. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-22380-3_4

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