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The Micro-cogeneration and Emission Control and Related Utilization Field

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Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Energy ((LNEN,volume 33))

Abstract

Micro-cogeneration is a developed technology aiming to produce electricity and heat close to the final users, with the potential, if designed and operated correctly, to reduce both the primary energy consumption as well as the associated greenhouse gas emissions when compared to traditional energy supply systems based on separate energy production. The distributed nature of this generation technology has the additional advantages of (i) reducing electrical transmission and distribution losses, (ii) alleviating the peak demands on the central power plants, and (iii) diversifying the electrical energy production, thus improving the security of energy supply. Micro-cogeneration devices are used to meet both electrical requirements and heat demands (for space heating and/or hot water production) of a building; they can be also combined with small-scale thermally fed or mechanically/electrically driven cooling systems. Many micro-cogeneration units are already commercialized in different countries (such as Japan, Germany, United Kingdom, etc.) and in recent years several researches have been carried out in order to advance the design, operation, and analysis of this technology. Currently the use of commercial micro-cogeneration units in applications such as hospitals, leisure facilities, hotels, or institutional buildings is well established. The residential cogeneration industry is in a rapid state of development; the market remains not fully mature, but interest in the technology from manufacturers, energy utilities, and government agencies remains strong.

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Abbreviations

ABHP:

ABsorption heat pump

ADHP:

ADsorption heat pump

AFC:

Alkaline fuel cell

CHP:

Combined heat and power

COP:

Coefficient of performance

D:

Depth (mm)

DCS:

Desiccant cooling system

DHW:

Domestic hot water

DMFC:

Direct methanol fuel cell

DW:

Desiccant wheel

E:

Energy (kWh, MWh)

EHP:

Electric heat pump

EV:

Electric vehicle

Fmchp :

Fraction of thermal energy supplied by the MCHP

FC:

Fuel cells

GHG:

Greenhouse gases

GSHP:

Ground source heat pump

H:

Height (mm)

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning

ICE:

Internal combustion engines

L:

Length (mm)

LPG:

Liquefied petroleum gas

LHV:

Lower heating value (kJ/kg)

MCFC:

Molten carbonate fuel cell

MCHP:

Micro-combined heat and power

MCCHP:

Micro-combined cooling heat and power

MT:

Microturbines

NZEB:

Nearly zero energy building

P:

Power (kW)

PAFC:

Phosphoric acid fuel cell

PEMFC:

Proton exchange membrane fuel cell

PER:

Primary energy ratio (%)

PES:

Primary energy saving (%)

PV:

Photovoltaic

PVT:

Photovoltaic thermal

SC:

Solar collectors

SE:

Stirling engines

SOFC:

Solid oxide fuel cell

SPB:

Simple payback period (years)

TES:

Thermal energy storage

THP:

Thermally activated heat pump

TPV:

Thermal photovoltaic

CO2 :

Avoided carbon dioxide equivalent emissions (%)

B:

Boiler

cool:

Cooling

el:

Electric

GRID:

Central electric grid

MCHP:

Micro-Combined Heat and Power

mean:

Average

th:

Thermal

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

H2O:

Water

Li-Br:

Lithium bromide

Li–Cl:

Lithium chloride

NH3 :

Ammonia

NOx :

Nitrogen oxides

SOx :

Sulphur oxides

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Architecture and Industrial Design “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Second University of Naples, Via San Lorenzo, 81031, Aversa, CE, Italy

    Antonio Rosato & Sergio Sibilio

  2. Department of Engineering, University of Sannio, Piazza Roma 21, 82100, Benevento, BN, Italy

    Giovanni Angrisani, Michele Canelli, Carlo Roselli, Maurizio Sasso & Francesco Tariello

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  1. Antonio Rosato
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  7. Francesco Tariello
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Correspondence to Antonio Rosato .

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  1. College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China

    XinRong Zhang

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Ontario, Oshawa, Ontario, Canada

    Ibrahim Dincer

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Rosato, A. et al. (2017). The Micro-cogeneration and Emission Control and Related Utilization Field. In: Zhang, X., Dincer, I. (eds) Energy Solutions to Combat Global Warming. Lecture Notes in Energy, vol 33. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_36

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26950-4_36

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