Abstract
Highly educated and skilled people are central to the creation, commercialisation and diffusion of knowledge. Among them, doctorate holders are both the most qualified in terms of educational attainment and those who have been trained to conduct research. Their contribution to the advancement of knowledge is therefore of particular interest to practitioners in charge of steering research and innovation systems. While regarded as essential in a knowledge-based and complex economy, the training of doctoral graduates and researchers is also a long and costly effort. Since 2000, doctoral awards have increased at the same pace as, or even slightly more rapidly than other degree awards. Measuring the return on investment of such long education and training has drawn policy attention. Generic statistical sources on human resources, such as censuses and labor force surveys, are however not fit to provide a full picture of the employment patterns and the contribution of doctorate holders. It is with this in mind that the OECD launched a collaborative project with the UNESCO Institute for Statistics and Eurostat in 2004 that aims to address the evidence gaps about this population group and develop internationally comparable indicators on the labor market, career path and mobility of doctorate holders.
The opinions expressed in this paper are the sole responsibility of the author and do not necessarily reflect those of the OECD nor those of its member countries’ governments.
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Notes
- 1.
All information on the CDH project can be found at: www.oecd.org/sti/cdh
- 2.
The detailed CDH guidelines are available here: http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/5k4dnq2h4n5c-en
- 3.
ISCED (the International Standard Classification on Education) was revised in 2011 and its implementation is expected to start in 2014. The equivalent of ISCED 1997 level 6 will be ISCED 2011 level 8.
- 4.
Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Denmark, Finland, Germany, Hungary, Iceland, Israel, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Chinese Taipei, Turkey, United States.
- 5.
Germany however has since decided to move to a dedicated survey that was conducted for the first time in 2012. This survey not only covers doctorate holders, but also other higher education graduates.
- 6.
This may be due to several reasons: lack of resources and/or difficulties to access the related information (e.g. Spain); or difficulties in locating some of the recent doctoral graduates who may be inactive, unemployed or abroad (e.g. for a post-doc).
References
Auriol L (2010) Careers of doctorate holders: employment and mobility patterns. OECD Science, Technology and Industry working papers, 2010/04. OECD Publishing. doi: 10.1787/5kmh8phxvvf5-en
Auriol L, Schaaper M, Felix B (2012) Mapping careers and mobility of doctorate holders: draft guidelines, model questionnaire and indicators—Third edition, OECD Science, Technology and Industry working paper 2012/7. OECD Publishing, Paris. doi: 10.1787/5k4dnq2h4n5c-en
Auriol L, Misu M, Freeman R (2013) Careers of doctorate holders: analysis of labour market and mobility indicators. OECD Science, Technology and Industry Indicators working papers 2013/04. OECD Publishing. doi: 10.1787/5k43nxgs289w-en
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Auriol, L. (2016). The Careers of Doctorate Holders (CDH): Principles for Broad International Surveys—The CDH Example. In: Gokhberg, L., Shmatko, N., Auriol, L. (eds) The Science and Technology Labor Force. Science, Technology and Innovation Studies. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27210-8_3
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