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Bone Formation in Osteoporosis, In Vitro Mechanical Stimulation as Compared with Biochemical Stimuli

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Bone and Cartilage Regeneration

Part of the book series: Stem Cells in Clinical Applications ((SCCA))

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Abstract

Abnormalities in the number and function of bone-forming osteoblasts play a central role in the pathophysiological processes leading to osteoporosis. Normal osteoblast production and function are regulated by chemical growth factors and mechanical signals. Nevertheless, the responses of mesenchymal stem cells from osteoporotic bone to mechanical signals remain poorly understood. Animal and human studies demonstrate the anabolic properties of mechanical stimulation in its ability to improve bone formation by enhancing the proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells and their subsequent commitment down an osteoblastic lineage. Response to mechanical strains as low as 10 με has been seen, illustrating the sensitivity of mechanosensory cells to mechanotransduction pathways. Mechanical signals represent a key regulatory mechanism in the maintenance and formation of bone. These signals may be more effective than biochemical ones in promoting osteoporotic mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate along an osteoblastic lineage.

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  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1200 North State Street, Suite 3300, Los Angeles, CA, USA

    Martin H. Pham, Zori Buser & Frank L. Acosta

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  2. Zori Buser
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  1. Laboratory of Stem Cell Research and Application, University of Science Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Phuc Van Pham

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Pham, M.H., Buser, Z., Acosta, F.L. (2016). Bone Formation in Osteoporosis, In Vitro Mechanical Stimulation as Compared with Biochemical Stimuli. In: Pham, P. (eds) Bone and Cartilage Regeneration. Stem Cells in Clinical Applications. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40144-7_12

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