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Noncoding RNAs in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and Repair Mechanisms

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Non-coding RNAs in the Vasculature

Part of the book series: Cardiac and Vascular Biology ((Abbreviated title: Card. vasc. biol.,volume 2))

Abstract

Ischemic cardiomyopathy is frequently a consequence of myocardial infarction resulting in a marked loss of cardiomyocytes, which is replaced by a scar. As endogenous cardiovascular repair mechanisms are not sufficient to compensate for the loss of heart muscle and subsequent adverse remodeling predisposes to development of heart failure, novel experimental therapies are intensely explored to reduce scar size, counteract adverse hypertrophy and promote repair of the heart muscle. These therapies include cell-based therapies, cardiomyocytes renewal or proliferation and trans-differentiation into cardiomyocytes. Importantly, microRNAs evolved as major modulators of pathophysiological mechanisms involved in heart failure progression as well as repair mechanisms. Identification of microRNAs contributing or counteracting these deteriorative mechanisms resulted in novel microRNA-targeted therapies in experimental studies. While this class of non-coding RNAs has already entered clinical translation, another subclass of non-coding RNAs - long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) – is now intensely explored as well. Recent observations indicate that lncRNAs are important regulators of cardiovascular development and mechanisms involved in adverse cardiac remodeling and development of cardiomyopathy. Therefore lncRNAs, in addition to microRNAs, may also emerge as novel therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease.

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Acknowledgements

Philipp Jakob and Ulf Landmesser are supported by the German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK, Germany) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH). Philipp Jakob is a participant in the BIH-Charité Clinical Scientist Program funded by the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin and the Berlin Institute of Health (BIH).

Conflict of Interest

Philipp Jakob has received research grants from Bayer Healthcare (Grants4Targets).

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  1. Department of Cardiology, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany

    Ulf Landmesser & Philipp Jakob

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  1. Ulf Landmesser
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Correspondence to Ulf Landmesser .

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  1. Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Institut für Molekulare und Translationale Therapiestrategien, Hannover, Germany

    Thomas Thum

  2. Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Regeneration, Universität Frankfurt, Zentrum für Molekulare Medizin, Frankfurt, Germany

    Stefanie Dimmeler

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Landmesser, U., Jakob, P. (2017). Noncoding RNAs in Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease and Repair Mechanisms. In: Thum, T., Dimmeler, S. (eds) Non-coding RNAs in the Vasculature. Cardiac and Vascular Biology, vol 2. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-52945-5_4

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