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Restoration of Degraded Pasture Soils on the Basis of EM Associations

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Rhizobium Biology and Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Soil Biology ((SOILBIOL,volume 50))

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Abstract

At the present time, around the world there is a steady trend toward degradation of pastures. This state of pasture was declared an urgent problem—the restoration of degraded pastures and increase in their productivity. One of the most promising solutions to this problem lies in biological farming. Biological farming is based on the use of effective microorganisms (ЕМ). To restore the degraded pastures, we are planning to use EM associations with simultaneous sowing of perennial meadow grasses. The composition of meadow grasses will include alfalfa, sweet clover, and white clover. However, when studying soil microflora of degraded pastures, it was found that there are practically no nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria. The aim of this research was to isolate, identify, and study nitrogen-fixing root nodule bacteria and select the most promising among them for developing EM associations. The indigenous rhizobia adapted to the climatic and soil conditions of pastures have been isolated from the nodules on the roots of wild legumes, which grow on natural pastures in Kazakhstan. Their nitrogen-fixing activity, ability to stimulate plant growth, and nodulation were studied. The three best strains were selected and identified: two strains of nodule bacteria belong to the genus Sinorhizobium, species S. meliloti L23 and S. medicae D26, and one strain to the genus Rhizobium (Rh. leguminosarum bv. trifolii K24). These strains are comprised in the composition of EM association. At the present time, EM associations are being tested under the field conditions on the degraded pasture soils of Kazakhstan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Microbiology and Virology of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan

    Irina Smirnova, Amankeldy Sadanov, Aidana Sabdenova & Aray Nurmukhanbetova

Authors
  1. Irina Smirnova
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  2. Amankeldy Sadanov
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  3. Aidana Sabdenova
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  4. Aray Nurmukhanbetova
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Irina Smirnova .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sankt Augustin, NRW, Germany

    Alexander P. Hansen

  2. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Devendra K. Choudhary

  3. National Agricultural Science Fund, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi, India

    Pawan Kumar Agrawal

  4. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Ajit Varma

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Smirnova, I., Sadanov, A., Sabdenova, A., Nurmukhanbetova, A. (2017). Restoration of Degraded Pasture Soils on the Basis of EM Associations. In: Hansen, A., Choudhary, D., Agrawal, P., Varma, A. (eds) Rhizobium Biology and Biotechnology. Soil Biology, vol 50. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64982-5_2

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