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New “Omics” Technologies and Biogas Production

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Biogas

Part of the book series: Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies ((BBT,volume 6))

Abstract

Biogas production from wastes and residues is classified among the versatile, energy-efficient, and environmentally beneficial strategies considered to gradually replace fossil fuels in the future. Nevertheless, biogas production from different resources is faced with many technical, efficiency, and cost challenges, and therefore, optimization of the various aspects of the process, including feeding, mixing, microbial community, as well as process monitoring and control are vital to enhance process efficiency. The microbial community structure and functions exert vital effects on the process stability and biogas yield. However, due to the lack of optimized culture media and conditions for most of the organisms involved in biogas production, the majority of the participating microbes as well as their genes and metabolic pathways during the process are yet to be well known. Recent developments in culture independent “omics” and next generation sequencing technologies (NGS) have provided excellent opportunities for exploring microbial communities and their factions during the anaerobic digestion process. Therefore, this chapter has focused on recent applications of new “omics”, including NGS-based whole genome sequencing, metagenomics, meta-transcriptomics, meta-proteomics, and met-metabolomics in characterization of microbial flora, their genes and encoded transcripts, proteins, and metabolites, as well as the metabolic pathways contributing to the anaerobic digestion process. Recent findings have confirmed that the revolutionary innovations and developments in these domains will help to enhance the efficiency of biogas production from a diverse range of organic matters with complex structures in the near future.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thanks Dr. Meisam Tabatabaei for his assistance with carefully reviewing the manuscript and the improvements made as a result.

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  1. Department of Microbial Biotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Fahmideh Blvd, P.O. Box: 31535-1897, Karaj, Iran

    Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani & Reza Sharafi

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  1. Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani
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Correspondence to Gholamreza Salehi Jouzani .

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  1. Biofuel Research Team (BRTeam) / Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

    Meisam Tabatabaei

  2. Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

    Hossein Ghanavati

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Salehi Jouzani, G., Sharafi, R. (2018). New “Omics” Technologies and Biogas Production. In: Tabatabaei, M., Ghanavati, H. (eds) Biogas. Biofuel and Biorefinery Technologies, vol 6. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-77335-3_16

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