Abstract
To obtain laser action it is necessary not only to have an appropriate population inversion but also to ensure that the rate of stimulated emission, which depends on the intensity of the local radiation field, is high compared with loss mechanisms. This condition can often be met in pulsed systems even in the absence of a resonator, in so-called “mirrorless” lasers. In cw lasers, however, a resonator is invariably necessary to increase the intensity of radiation which is “circulating” in the laser medium; the intensity of the circulating radiation can be calculated by multiplying the output intensity of the laser by the inverse of the transmission coefficient of the output coupling optics.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
H. Steffen, F.K. Kneubühl: IEEE J. QE-4, 992–1008 (1968)
A.G. Fox, T. Li: Bell Sys. Tech. J. 40, 453–488 (1961)
D.E. McCumber: Bell Sys. Tech. J. 44, 333–363 (1965)
G.T. McNice, V.E. Derr: IEEE J. QE-5, 569–575 (1969)
H. Kogelnik: “Modes In Optical Resonators”, in Lasers—A Series Of Advances, Vol. 1, ed. by A.K. Levine (Arnold and Dekker, New York 1966 )
G.D. Boyd, H. Kogelnik: Bell Sys. Tech. J. 41, 1347–1369 (1962)
D.J. Harris, T.M. Teo, R.J. Batt, S.C. Luk: Int. J. Infrared Mmwaves 1, 339–349 (1980)
E.A.J. Marcatili, R.A. Schmeltzer: Bell Sys. Tech. J. 43, 1783–1809 (1964)
N.G. Douglas, P.A. Krug: IEEE J. QE-18, 1409–1410 (1982)
F. Westermann, W. Maier: Z. Phys. 179, 507–524 (1964); a companion article appeared in Z. Phys. 179, 244–255 (1964)
Buckbee-Mears Co., 245 E.6th St., St.Paul, Minnesota 55101, U.S.A. As far as I am aware, the company is almost oblivious to the great service it provides to the (sub)mm community by producing inductive mesh!
E.A.M. Baker, B. Walker: J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 15, 25–32 (1982)
V. Daneu, L.O. Hocker, A. Javan, D. Ramachandra Rao, A. Szöke, F. Zernike: Phys. Lett. 29A, 319–320 (1969)
J-M. Lourtioz, J. Pontnau, M. Morillon-Chapey, J-C. Deroche: Int. J. Infrared Mmwaves 2, 49–63 (1981)
L.E.S. Mathias, A. Crocker: Phys. Lett. 13, 35–36 (1964)
T.G. Blaney: J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 4, 945–948 (1971)
T.Y. Chang, T.J. Bridges: Opt. Commun. 1, 423–426 (1970)
L. Frenkel, T. Sullivan, M.A. Pollack, T.J. Bridges: Appl. Phys. Lett. 11, 344–345 (1967)
L.O. Hocker, A. Javan, D. Ramachandra Rao, L. Frenkel, T. Sullivan: Appl. Phys. Lett. 10, 147–149 (1967)
L.O. Hocker, J.G. Small, A. Javan: Phys. Lett. 29A, 321–322 (1969)
K.M. Evenson, J.S. Wells, L.M. Matarrese, L.B. Elwell: Appl. Phys. Lett. 16, 159–162 (1970)
D.J.E. Knight, P.T. Woods: J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum. 9, 898–916 (1976)
H.R. Fetterman, B.J. Clifton, P.E. Tannenwald, C.D. Parker: Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 70–72 (1974)
D.G. McDonald, A.S. Risley, J.D. Cupp, K.M. Evenson, J.R. Ashley: Appl. Phys. Lett. 20, 296–299
T.G. Blaney, D.J.E. Knight, E.K. Murray Lloyd: Opt. Commun. 25, 176–178 (1978)
T.G. Blaney, N.R. Cross, D.J.E. Knight, G.J. Edwards, P.R. Pearce: J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 13, 1365–1370 (1980)
F.R. Petersen, K.M. Evenson, D.A. Jennings, J.S. Wells, K. Goto, J.J. Jiménez: IEEE J. QE-11, 838–843 (1975)
R.L. Aggarwal, B.Lax: “Optical Mixing of CO2 Lasers in the Far-Infrared”, in Nonlinear Infrared Generation, ed, by Y.-R. Shen ( Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg 1977 )
M. Inguscio, G. Moruzzi, K.M. Evenson, D.A. Jennings: J. Appl. Phys. 60, R161–R192 (1986)
D.A. Jennings, K.M. Evenson, D.J.E. Knight: Proc. IEEE 74, 168–179 (1986)
P.J. Epton, W.L. Wilson, Jr., F.K. Tittel, T.A. Rabson: Appl. Opt. 18, 1704–1705 (1979)
L.O. Hocker, A. Javan: Appl. Phys. Lett. 12, 124–125 (1968)
T. Kachi, S. Kon: Infrared Phys. 22, 337–341 (1982)
M.S. Tobin: Proc. IEEE 73, 61–85 (1985)
D.J.E. Knight, N.P.L.: private communication (1988)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1989 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Douglas, N.G. (1989). Wavelength and Frequency Measurements. In: Millimetre and Submillimetre Wavelength Lasers. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 61. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46095-4_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-46095-4_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-14492-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-46095-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive