Skip to main content

Will Today’s Internet Maps be Available Tomorrow? The Preservation and Archiving of the Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica Through Action Research

  • Chapter
International Perspectives on Maps and the Internet

Abstract

Preserving and archiving geomatics data and atlases is a growing and unresolved problem. The Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre at Carleton University has an ongoing interest in the more effective archiving and preservation of geospatial digital data and has actively participated in a number of forums to address this issue. The Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica (CAA) is a collaborative, scientific and innovative open source, open standard and interoperable distributed atlas that includes multimedia, multimodal and multisensory data. The CAA was part of an action research archival Case Study of the International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems (InterPARES 2) Project. Archival issues in geomatics, the action research Case Study process, and results are discussed and reported upon in this chapter. The chapter concludes with some recommendations and reflections on preserving and archiving Internet maps. The central argument is that today’s Internet mapmakers and cartographers must include preservation strategies at the point of creation not after the fact to ensure that their digital artifacts will be available to tomorrow’s users. If this is not done effectively much of our digital mapping heritage will continue to be lost.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Antarctic Spatial Data Infrastructure (AntSDI), 2006, AntSDI Home Page accessed September 2006 from http://antsdi.scar.org/about

    Google Scholar 

  • Atlas of Canada, 2006, Web Map Services, accessed August 8, 2006 from http:// atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/sites/english/dataservices/web_map_service.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Bushey, J. andM. Braun, 2005, Survey of Record-Keeping Practices of Photographers Using Digital Technology Final Report, Accessed September 2006 from the Restricted Researchers Area of the InterPARES 2 Website.

    Google Scholar 

  • Canadian Committee on Archival Description, 2001, Rules for Archival Description Chapter 5 Cartographic Materials accessed September 2006 from http://www. cdncouncilarchives.ca/rad_ch5.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Canadian Committee on Archival Description, 2003, Rules forArchival Description Chapter 9 Records in Electronic Form accessed September 2006 from http:// www.cdncouncilarchives.ca/RAD_chap9_revised_Aug2003.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Canadian Digital Information Strategy (CDIS) accessed April 2007 from http:// www.collectionscanada.ca/scin/index-e.html

    Google Scholar 

  • CODATA Working Group on Archiving Scientific Data, 2006, Home Page, http:// www.nrf.ac.za/codata/

    Google Scholar 

  • CNC for CODATA, 2006, Home Page, http://www.codata.org/canada/

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, T., 1995, It’s Ten O’Clock, Do You Know Where Your Data Are? In Technology Review 98: 48–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • GCRC 2006. Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre Atlases Page. Accessed September 2006 https://gcrc.carleton.ca/confluence/display/GCRCWEB/Atlases

    Google Scholar 

  • GeoConnections, 2004, A Developers’ Guide to the CGDI: Developing and Publishing Geographic Information, Data and Associated Services accessed September 2006 from http://www.geoconnections.org/publications/Technical_Manual/html_e/cgdiindex.html

    Google Scholar 

  • GeoConnections, 2005, Archiving, Management and Preservation of Geospatial Data, Ottawa: Government of Canada, accessed September 2006 from http:// www.geoconnections.org/programsCommittees/proCom policy/keyDocs/ geospatial_data_mgt_summary_report_20050208_E.html#4

    Google Scholar 

  • Harvey, R., 2000, An Amnesiac Society? Keeping Digital Data for Use in the Future, Paper presented at the LIANZA 2000 Conference, New Zealand, 15–18 October 2000. Early version available at http://athene.csu.edu.au/~dharvey/TextFiles/ AmnesiacSocietyRev.htm accessed 22 June 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  • International Standards Organization, 2003, Geographic information-Metadata, accessed September 2006 from http://www.iso.org/iso/en/CatalogueDetailPage. CatalogueDetail?CSNUMBER=26020

    Google Scholar 

  • InterPARES 2, 2006, International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems Internet Site, accessed September 2006 from http://inter-pares.org/

    Google Scholar 

  • InterPARES 2, 2006, International Research on Permanent Authentic Records in Electronic Systems Glossary, accessed September 2006 from http://interpares. org/ip2/display_file.cfm?doc=ip2_glossary.pdf&CFID=137165&CFTOKEN= 15668692

    Google Scholar 

  • InterPARES 2, 2003, 23 Case Study Questions that the researchers should be able to answer at the completion of their investigation, accessed September 2006 from http://interpares.org/display_file.cfm?doc=ip2_23_questions.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • InterPARES 2 USA, 2006, Metadata and Archival Description Registry and Analysis System (MADRAS) beta version, accessed September 2006 from http:// www.gseis.ucla.edu/us-interpares/madras/guidelines.php

    Google Scholar 

  • International Polar Year, 2006a, International Polar Year Data Management Report Released, accessed September 2006 from http://www.ipy.org/news/story. php?id=149

    Google Scholar 

  • International Polar Year, 2006b, International Polar Year 2007–2008 Data Policy May 2006, accessed September 2006 from http://www.ipy.org/Subcommittees/ final_ipy_data_policy.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Library and Archives Canada (LAC), 2006a, Managing Cartographic, Architectural and Engineering Records in the Government of Canada, Ottawa: Government of Canada, http://www.collectionscanada.ca/information-management/002/ 007002-2050-e.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Library and Archives Canada (LAC), 2006b, Guidelines for Computer File Types, Interchange Formats and Information Standards, Ottawa: Government of Canada, Ottawa: Government of Canada accessed September 29, 2006 from http://www. collectionscanada.ca/information-management/002/007002-3017-e.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauriault, T. P.; B. L. Craig; P. L. Pulsifer and D. R. F Taylor, Forthcoming 2007, Today’s Data are Part of Tomorrow’s Research: Archival Issues in the Sciences, Archivaria, vol. 64, Fall 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauriault, T. P. and Y Hackett, 2005, CS06 Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica Case Study Final Report accessed October 2006 from http://interpares.org/ip2/ ip2_case_studies.cfm?study=5

    Google Scholar 

  • Lauriault, T. P. and D. R. F. Taylor, 2005, Cybercartography and the New Economy: Collaborative Research in Action, in D. R. F. Taylor (ed.), Cybercartography: Theory and Practice, Amsterdam: Elsevier, 181–210.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Lauriault, T. P. 2002, Section 6, Elements of Geospatial Data Quality, accessed September 2006 from http://interpares.org/display_file.cfm?doc=ip2_geospa-tial_data_quality.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee, H., 2005, Korea to Build Open Source National Map System, Special to ZDNet Asia, Tuesday, September 05 2006 02:46 PM accessed September 2006 from http://www.zdnetasia.com/news/software/0,39044164,39418984,00.htm

    Google Scholar 

  • Locke, K., 2001, Grounded Theory in Management Research, Sage Series in Management Research, Thousand Oaks: Sage.

    Google Scholar 

  • Longton, 2005, Record Keeping Practices of Composers Survey Report, accessed September 2006 from the Restricted Researchers Area of the InterPARES 2 Website.

    Google Scholar 

  • MacDonald, J. and K. Shearer, 2005, Toward a National Digital Information Strategy: Mapping the Current Situation in Canada, Ottawa: Library and Archives Canada accessed September 2006 from http://www.collectionscanada.ca/cdis/ 012033-700-e.html

    Google Scholar 

  • McLellan, E., 2004, CS24 City of Vancouver Geographic Information System (VanMap) Interim Report, accessed September 2006 from the Restricted Researchers Area of InterPARES 2 http://interpares.org/rws/login.cfm

    Google Scholar 

  • National Science Foundation Office of Cyberinfrastructure accessed April 2007 from http://www.nsf.gov/dir/index.jsp?org=oci

    Google Scholar 

  • Nunaliit, 2006a, The Nunaliit Cybercartographic Framework Internet Site, accessed September 2006 from http://nunaliit.org/index.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Nunaliit, 2006b, The Nunaliit Cybercartographic Framework License Page, accessed September 2006 from http://nunaliit.org/license.html

    Google Scholar 

  • Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC), 2006, OGC Specifications (Standards), accessed September 2006 from http://www.opengeospatial.org/standards

    Google Scholar 

  • Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Data Preservation Working Group (WG), accessed April 2007 at http://www.opengeospatial.org/projects/groups/ preservwg

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Reilly, T., 2005, Web 2.0: Compact Definition? O’Reilly Radar accessed September2006fromhttp://radar.oreilly.com/archives/2005/10/web_20_compact definition, html

    Google Scholar 

  • Ostman, A., 1997, The Specifications and Evaluation of Spatial Data Quality in Proceedings from the 18th ICA/ACI International Conference, Stockholm Sweden, 23–27, Volume 2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parush, A., P. L. Pulsifer, K. Philps and G. Dunn, 2006, Understanding Through Structure: The Challenges of Informational and Navigation Architecture in Taylor, D. R. F. and S. Caquard (eds.) Cybercartography. Special Issue of Cartographica on Cybercartography, 41(1), 21–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulsifer, P. L., S. Caquard and D.R. F. Taylor, (2006) Toward a New Generation of Community Atlases — The Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica in Cartwright, W., M. Peterson and G. Gartner (eds.) Chapter 14 of Multimedia Cartography, Second Edition, Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulsifer, P. L. & D. R. F. Taylor, 2005, The Cartographer as Mediator: Cartographic Representation from Shared Geographic Information in D. R. F. Taylor (Ed.), Chapter 7 of Cybercartography: Theory and Practice, Amsterdam: Elsevier pp. 149–179.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulsifer, P. L., A. Hayes, J.-P. Fise and D. R. F. Taylor (2007) An Open Source Development Framework in Support of Cartographic Integration in Peterson M. P. (ed.) International Perspectives on Maps and the Internet. Springer Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pulsifer, P. L., 2006, The Geomatics and Cartographic Research Centre Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica Project Description page, accessed September 2006 from https://gcrc.carleton.ca/confluence/display/GCRCWEB/ CAA+Project+Description

    Google Scholar 

  • Social Science and Humanitis Research Council, 2002a, SSHRC Research Data Archiving Policy, Ottawa: Government of Canada, accessed September 2006 from http://www.sshrc.ca/web/about/policies/edatae.asp

    Google Scholar 

  • Social Science and Humanitis Research Council, 2002b, Final Report of the SSHRC National Consultation on Research Data Archiving, Building Infrastructure for Access to and Preservation of Research Data accessed from http://www.sshrc-crsh.gc.ca/web/about/publications/da_finalreport_e.pdf#search=%22report%20 sshrc%20National%20Consultation%20on%20Research%20Data%20 Archiving%2C%20Management%20and%20Access%20Systems%22

    Google Scholar 

  • Strong, F. D. and P. B. Leach, 2005, The Final Report of the National Consultation on Access to Scientific Data, Ottawa: Government of Canada, accessed September 2006 from http://ncasrd-cnadrs.scitech.gc.ca/NCASRDReporte.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. R. F., 2003, The Concept of Cybercartography in M. P. Peterson (ed), Maps and the Internet Chapter 26, Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 413–418.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. R. F., 2005, (Ed.) Cybercartography: Theory and Practice. Vol. 4, Modern Cartography Series, Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 574.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. R. F. and S. Caquard, 2006, Special Issue of Cartographica on Cybercartography 41(1), April.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, D. R. F., Lauriault, T. P. and Pulsifer, P. L. 2005, Preserving and Adding Value to Scientific Data: The Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica presented by D. R. Fraser Taylor to PV2005: Ensuring Long-term Preservation and Adding Value to Scientific and Technical Data, The Royal Society, Edinburgh, Wednesday 23 November.

    Google Scholar 

  • United Kingdom Data Archive (UKDA), 2006, UKDA About Page, accessed September 2006 from http://www.data-archive.ac.uk/about/about.asp

    Google Scholar 

  • Waters, D. and J. Garrett, 1996, Preserving Digital Information, Report of the Task Force on Archiving of Digital Information, Washington, D.C.: CLIR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wikipedia, 2006, Web 2.0 Definition accessed September 2006 from http:// en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web2.0

    Google Scholar 

  • Xie, S., 2006, Diplomatic Analysis of CS06 Cyber cartographic Atlas of Antarctica, Researchers restricted area of the InterPARES 2 Internet Site accessed September 2006 from http://interpares.org/rws/login.cfm

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhou, Y., 2005, Thesis M.A. Profiling and Visualizing Metadata for Multimedia in a Geospatial Portal. A Case Study for the Cybercartography and the New Economy Project. Dept. Geography and Environmental Studies, Geography, Carleton University, Ottawa.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2008 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Lauriault, T.P., Taylor, D.R.F., Pulsifer, P.L. (2008). Will Today’s Internet Maps be Available Tomorrow? The Preservation and Archiving of the Cybercartographic Atlas of Antarctica Through Action Research. In: Peterson, M.P. (eds) International Perspectives on Maps and the Internet. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-72029-4_26

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics