Skip to main content

Fehlbildungen und Entwicklungsstörungen

  • Chapter
Atlas Klinische Neuroradiologie des Gehirns

Zusammenfassung

Die Myelinisierung der weißen Substanz findet überwiegend erst nach der Geburt statt und läuft physiologischerweise nach einem festgelegten Zeitschema ab (◘ Tab. 5.1).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 299.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 379.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literatur

  • Chapter 5

    Google Scholar 

  • Barkovich AJ. MR of the normal neonatal brain: assessment of deep structures. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998;19:1397–1403.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barkovich AJ, Kjos BO, Jackson DE Jr, Norman D. Normal maturation of the neonatal and infant brain: MR imaging at 1.5 T. Radiology 1996;200:389–396.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Der Knaap MS, Vakl J. MR imaging of the varios stages of normal myelination during the first year of life. Neuroradiologie 1990;31:459–470.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Hedlund G. Congenital frontonasal masses: developmental anatomy, malformations, and MR imaging. Pediatr Radiol. 2006;36:647–62.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lo BW, Kulkarni AV, Rutka JT, Jea A, Drake JM, Lamberti-Pasculli M, Dirks PB, Thabane L. Clinical predictors of developmental outcome in patients with cephaloceles. J Neurosurg Pediatrics. 2008;2:254–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Awaji M, Okamoto K, Nishiyama K. Magnetic resonance cisternography for preoperative evaluation of arachnoid cysts. Neuroradiology. 2007;49: 721–6.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gizewski ER. Epidermoid or arachnoid cyst: CISS, FLAIR and diffusion images as solution of the diagnostic dilemma. Rofo. 2001;173:77–8.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Barkovich AJ, Norman D. Anomalies of the corpus callosum: correlation with further anomalies of the brain, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1988;9:493–501.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrd S, Radkowski M, Falnnery A, McLone D. The clinical and radiologic evaluation of absence of the corpus callosum. Eur J Radiol. 1990;10:65–73.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kendall BE. Dysgenesis of the corpus callosum. Neuroradiology. 1983;25: 239–56.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Alvarez-Linera Prado J. 3-Tesla MRI and temporal lobe epilepsy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR. 2007;28:451–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eltze CM, Chong WK, Bhate S, Harding B, Neville BG, Cross JH. Taylor-type focal cortical dysplasia in infants: some MRI lesions almost disappear with maturation of myelination. Epilepsia. 2005;46:1988–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Focke NK, Symms MR, Burdett JL, Duncan JS. Voxel-based analysis of whole brain FLAIR at 3T detects focal cortical dysplasia. Epilepsia. 2008;49:786–93.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hildebrandt M, Blümcke I. Focal cortical dysplasias: histological findings and suggestions for classification. Z Epileptol. 2004;17:209–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Urbach H, Blümcke I, Becker A, Solymosi L Störungen der kortikalen Entwicklung: Bildgebung und Klassifizierung. Clin Neuroradiol. 2003;13:163–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Abdel Razek AA, Kandell AY, Elsorogy LG, Elmongy A, Basett AA. Disorders of cortical formation: MR imaging features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009 Jan;30(1):4–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB. A developmental and genetic classification for malformations of cortical development. Neurology. 2005;65:1873–87.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barkovich AJ, Kuzniecky RI, Jackson GD, Guerrini R, Dobyns WB. Classification system for malformations of cortical development: update 2001. Neurology. 2001;57:2168–78.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ertl-Wagner B, Rummeny C, Reiser MF. Congenital malformations of the cerebral brain. 1: Malformations of the cerebral cortex. Radiologe. 2003; 43:915–24

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Spalice A, Parisi P, Nicita F, Pizzardi G, Del Balzo F, Iannetti P. Neuronal migration disorders: clinical, neuroradiologic and genetics aspects. Acta Paediatr. 2009;98:421–33.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Eriksson SH, Symms MR, Rugg-Gunn FJ, Boulby PA, Wheeler-Kingshott CA, Barker GJ, Duncan JS, Parker GJ. Exploring white matter tracts in band heterotopia using diffusion tractography. Ann Neurol. 2002;52:327–34.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Huppertz HJ, Wellmer J, Staack AM, Altenmüller DM, Urbach H, Kröll J. Voxelbased 3D MRI analysis helps to detect subtle forms of subcortical band heterotopia. Epilepsia. 2008;49:772–85.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SK, Kim DI, Kim J, Kim DJ, Kim HD, Kim DS, Mori S. Diffusion-tensor MR imaging and fiber tractography: a new method of describing aberrant fiber connections in developmental CNS anomalies. Radiographics. 2005;25:53–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Munakata M, Haginoya K, Soga T, Yokoyama H, Noguchi R, Nagasaka T, Murata T, Higano S, Takahashi S, Iinuma K. Metabolic properties of band heterotopia differ from those of other cortical dysplasias: a proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Epilepsia. 2003;44:366–71.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pinard J, Feydy A, Carlier R, Perez N, Pierot L, Burnod Y. Functional MRI in double cortex: functionality of heterotopia. Neurology. 2000;54:1531–3.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Abdel Razek AA, Kandell AY, Elsorogy LG, Elmongy A, Basett AA. Disorders of cortical formation: MR imaging features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2009; 30:4–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SK, Kim DI, Kim J, Kim DJ, Kim HD, Kim DS, Mori S. Diffusion-tensor MR imaging and fiber tractography: a new method of describing aberrant fiber connections in developmental CNS anomalies. Radiographics. 2005;25:53–65.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Villani F, Vitali P, Scaioli V, Rodriguez G, Rosa M, Granata T, Avanzini G, Spreafico R, Angelini L. Subcortical nodular heterotopia: a functional MRI and somatosensory evoked potentials study. Neurol Sci. 2004;25:225–9.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Brandão-Almeida IL, Hage SR, Oliveira EP, Guimarães CA, Teixeira KC, Abramides DV, Montenegro MA, Santos NF, Cendes F, Lopes-Cendes I, Guerreiro MM. Congenital bilateral perisylvian syndrome: familial occurrence, clinical and psycholinguistic aspects correlated with MRI. Neuropediatrics. 2008;39:139–45.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Briggs TA, Wolf NI, D’Arrigo S, Ebinger F, Harting I, Dobyns WB, Livingston JH, Rice GI, Crooks D, Rowland-Hill CA, Squier W, Stoodley N, Pilz DT, Crow YJ. Band-like intracranial calcification with simplified gyration and polymicrogyria: a distinct «pseudo-TORCH” phenotype. Am J Med Genet A. 2008;146A:3173–80.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chang BS, Piao X, Bodell A, Basel-Vanagaite L, Straussberg R, Dobyns WB, Qasrawi B, Winter RM, Innes AM, Voit T, Grant PE, Barkovich AJ, Walsh CA. Bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria: clinical and radiological features in 10 families with linkage to chromosome 16. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:596–606.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Takanashi J, Barkovich AJ. The changing MR imaging appearance of polymicrogyria: a consequence of myelination. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2003;24:788–93.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trivedi R, Gupta RK, Hasan KM, Hou P, Prasad KN, Narayana PA. Diffusion tensor imaging in polymicrogyria: a report of three cases. Neuroradiology. 2006;48:422–7.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Barkovich AJ, Kjos BO. Schizencephaly: correlation of clinical findings with MR characteristics. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1992;13:85–94.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hung JH, Shen SH, Guo WY, Chen CY, Chao KC, Yang MJ, Hung CY. Prenatal diagnosis of schizencephaly with septo-optic dysplasia by ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging. J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2008;34:674–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lopes CF, Cendes F, Piovesana AM, Torres F, Lopes-Cendes I, Montenegro MA, Guerreiro MM. Epileptic features of patients with unilateral and bilateral schizencephaly. J Child Neurol. 2006;21:757–60.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Morioka T, Nishio S, Sasaki M, Yoshida T, Kuwabara Y, Nagamatsu T, Fukui M. Functional imaging in schizencephaly using [18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) and single photon emission computed tomography with technetium-99m-hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime (HMPAO-SPECT). Neurosurg Rev. 1999;22:99–101.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Packard AM, Miller VS, Delgado MR. Schizencephaly: correlations of clinical and radiologic features. Neurology. 1997;48:1427–34.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vandermeeren Y, De Volder A, Bastings E, Thonnard JL, Duqué J, Grandin C, Sébire G, Olivier E. Functional relevance of abnormal fMRI activation pattern after unilateral schizencephaly. Neuroreport. 2002;13:1821–4.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Hildebrandt M, Blümcke I. Focal cortical dysplasias: histological findings and suggestions for classification. Z Epileptol. 2004;17:209–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Janszky J, Ebner A, Kruse B, Mertens M, Jokeit H, Seitz RJ, Witte OW, Tuxhorn I, Woermann FG. Functional organization of the brain with malformations of cortical development. Ann Neurol. 2003;53:759–67.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salamon N, Kung J, Shaw SJ, Koo J, Koh S, Wu JY, Lerner JT, Sankar R, Shields WD, Engel J Jr, Fried I, Miyata H, Yong WH, Vinters HV, Mathern GW. FDG-PET/ MRI coregistration improves detection of cortical dysplasia in patients with epilepsy. Neurology. 2008;71:1594–601.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Urbach H, Blümcke I, Becker A, Solymosi L. Störungen der kortikalen Entwicklung: Bildgebung und Klassifizierung. Clin Neuroradiol. 2003;13:163–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vitali P, Minati L, D’ Incerti L, Maccagnano E, Mavilio N, Capello D, Dylgjeri S, Rodriguez G, Franceschetti S, Spreafico R, Villani F. Functional MRI in malformations of cortical development: activation of dysplastic tissue and functional reorganization. J Neuroimaging. 2008;18:296–305.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Chiari H. Über Veränderungen des Kleinhirns infolge von Hydrocephalie des Großhirns. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 1891:17;1172–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Hofkes SK, Iskandar BJ, Turski PA, Gentry LR, McCue JB, Haughton VM. Differentiation between symptomatic Chiari I malformation and asymptomatic tonsilar ectopia by using cerebrospinal fluid flow imaging: initial estimate of imaging accuracy. Radiology. 2007;245:532–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • McGirt MJ, Nimjee SM, Fuchs HE, George TM. Relationship of cine phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging with outcome after decompression for Chiari I malformations. Neurosurgery. 2006;59:140–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Novegno F, Caldarelli M, Massa A, Chieffo D, Massimi L, Pettorini B, Tamburrini G, Di Rocco C. The natural history of the Chiari Type I anomaly. J Neurosurg Pediatrics. 2008;2:179–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tubbs RS, Wellons JC 3rd, Blount JP, Grabb PA, Oakes W. Inclination of the odontoid process in the pediatric Chiari I malformation. J Neurosurg. 2003;98:43–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Ertl-Wagner B, Rummeny C, von Voss H, Reiser M. MR imaging in congenital disorders of the brain. Radiologe. 2005;45:851–65.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herweh C, Akbar M, Wengenroth M, Blatow M, Mair-Walther J, Rehbein N, Nennig E, Schenk JP, Heiland S, Stippich C. DTI of commissural fibers in patients with Chiari II-malformation. Neuroimage. 2009;44:306–11.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miller E, Widjaja E, Blaser S, Dennis M, Raybaud C. The old and the new: supratentorial MR findings in Chiari II malformation. Childs Nerv Syst. 2008;24:563–75.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Castillo M, Quencer RM, Dominguez R. Chiari III malformation: imaging features. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 1992;13:107–13.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Häberle J, Hülskamp G, Harms E, Krasemann T. Cervical encephalocele in a newborn–Chiari III malformation. Case report and review of the literature. Childs Nerv Syst. 2001;17:373–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Literatur

  • Adamsbaum C, Moutard ML, André C, Merzoug V, Ferey S, Quéré MP, Lewin F, Fallet-Bianco C. MRI of the fetal posterior fossa. Pediatr Radiol. 2005; 35:124–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barkovich AJ, Kjos BO, Norman D, Edwards MS. Revised classification of posterior fossa cysts and cystlike malformations based on the results of multiplanar MR imaging. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:1289–300.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patel S, Barkovich AJ. Analysis and classification of cerebellar malformations. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2002;23:1074–87.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Utsunomiya H, Yamashita S, Takano K, Ueda Y, Fujii A. Midline cystic malformations of the brain: imaging diagnosis and classification based on embryologic analysis. Radiat Med. 2006;24:471–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Linn, J., Wiesmann, M., Brückmann, H. (2011). Fehlbildungen und Entwicklungsstörungen. In: Atlas Klinische Neuroradiologie des Gehirns. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89569-5_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-89569-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-89568-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-89569-5

  • eBook Packages: Medicine (German Language)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics