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Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

Carbon nanotubes are remarkable objects that look set to revolutionize the technological landscape in the near future. Tomorrowʼs society will be shaped by nanotube applications, just as silicon-based technologies dominate society today. Space elevators tethered by the strongest of cables; hydrogen-powered vehicles; artificial muscles: these are just a few of the technological marvels that may be made possible by the emerging science of carbon nanotubes.

Of course, this prediction is still some way from becoming reality; we are still at the stage of evaluating possibilities and potential. Consider the recent example of fullerenes – molecules closely related to nanotubes. The anticipation surrounding these molecules, first reported in 1985, resulted in the bestowment of a Nobel Prize for their discovery in 1996. However, a decade later, few applications of fullerenes have reached the market, suggesting that similarly enthusiastic predictions about nanotubes should be approached with caution.

There is no denying, however, that the expectations surrounding carbon nanotubes are very high. One of the main reasons for this is the anticipated application of nanotubes to electronics. Many believe that current techniques for miniaturizing microchips are about to reach their lowest limits, and that nanotube-based technologies are the best hope for further miniaturization. Carbon nanotubes may therefore provide the building blocks for further technological progress, enhancing our standards of living.

In this chapter, we first describe the structures, syntheses, growth mechanisms and properties of carbon nanotubes. Then we discuss nanotube-related nano-objects, including those formed by reactions and associations of all-carbon nanotubes with foreign atoms, molecules and compounds, which may provide the path to hybrid materials with even better properties than pristine nanotubes. Finally, we will describe the most important current and potential applications of carbon nanotubes, which suggest that the future for the carbon nanotube industry looks very promising indeed.

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Abbreviations

AC:

alternating-current

AC:

amorphous carbon

AFM:

atomic force microscope

AFM:

atomic force microscopy

BSA:

bovine serum albumin

CCVD:

catalytic chemical vapor deposition

CNT:

carbon nanotube

CTE:

coefficient of thermal expansion

CVD:

chemical vapor deposition

DNA:

deoxyribonucleic acid

EDC:

1-ethyl-3-(3-diamethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide

FET:

field-effect transistor

HP:

hot-pressing

HRTEM:

high-resolution transmission electron microscope

IFN:

interferon

MWNT:

multiwall nanotube

ODA:

octadecylamine

PAH:

poly(allylamine hydrochloride)

PMMA:

poly(methyl methacrylate)

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SPM:

scanning probe microscope

SPM:

scanning probe microscopy

SPS:

spark plasma sintering

SWNT:

single wall nanotube

SWNT:

single-wall nanotube

TEM:

transmission electron microscope

TEM:

transmission electron microscopy

TGA:

thermogravimetric analysis

TV:

television

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Carbones et Matériaux Carbonés, Carbons and Carbon-Containing Materials, CEMES - UPR A-8011 CNRS, 29 Rue Jeanne Marvig, 31055, Toulouse, France

    Marc Monthioux

  2. Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure dʼIngénieurs en Arts Chimiques et Technologiques, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31077, Toulouse, France

    Philippe Serp

  3. CIRIMAT, Centre Interuniversitaire de Recherche et dʼIngénierie des Matériaux, UMR 5085 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Emmanuel Flahaut

  4. Centre de Physique des Plasmas et leurs Applications (CPPAT), University of Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier), Toulouse, France

    Manitra Razafinimanana

  5. CIRIMAT UMR 5085 CNRS, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France

    Christophe Laurent

  6. Centre Inter-universitaire de Recherche sur lʼIndustrialisation des Matériaux (CIRIMAT), Toulouse, France

    Alain Peigney

  7. Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPST), UMR 5477 CNRS, University of Toulouse III (Paul Sabatier), Toulouse, France

    Wolfgang Bacsa

  8. Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Pulsés (LNCMP), Institut National des Sciences Appliquées of Toulouse, Toulouse, France

    Jean-Marc Broto

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  1. Marc Monthioux
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  2. Philippe Serp
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  3. Emmanuel Flahaut
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  4. Manitra Razafinimanana
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  5. Christophe Laurent
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  6. Alain Peigney
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  7. Wolfgang Bacsa
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Correspondence to Marc Monthioux , Philippe Serp , Emmanuel Flahaut , Manitra Razafinimanana , Christophe Laurent , Alain Peigney , Wolfgang Bacsa or Jean-Marc Broto .

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  1. Ohio State University, Nanoprobe Laboratory for Bio- and Nanotechnology and Biomimetics (NLB2), 201 W. 19th Avenue, 43210-1142, Columbus, OH, USA

    Bharat Bhushan

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Monthioux, M. et al. (2010). Introduction to Carbon Nanotubes. In: Bhushan, B. (eds) Springer Handbook of Nanotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02525-9_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02525-9_3

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