Skip to main content

What Visual Cues Do We Use to Perceive Depth in Virtual Environments?

  • Conference paper
Intelligent Robotics and Applications (ICIRA 2009)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNAI,volume 5928))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

The main objective of this work is to investigate human depth perception in virtual reality (VR). Specifically, we attempt to give a first step that towards finding the relationship between size-distance in depth perception in virtual environment. Depth perception has been shown to be key element and a major factor either for simple navigation tasks or for complex and dexterous manipulation tasks. However, in the history of psychology of perception few matters have been of more continuous interest than the issue of the relationship between perceived size and perceived distance. Most studies focused on such questions have converged upon a hypothesis named Size-Distance Invariance. This hypothesis is often stated in the following terms: “A retinal projection or visual angle of given size determines a unique ratio of apparent size to apparent distance” [1]. The relationship between distance and size perception remains unclear in a virtual environment. The effectiveness of virtual environments has often been linked to the sense of presence that users feel in the virtual world. Moreover, Depth perception is one major factor among many believed to underlie presence for teleoperation and virtual environments. Our findings suggest that the strategy based on imagination of motor tasks could have a major effect on users’ accurate depth perception in virtual reality.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kilpatrick, F.P., Ittelson, W.H.: The size-distance invariance hypothesis. Psychol. Rev. 60(4), 223–231 (1953)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bradshaw, M.F., Rogers, B.J.: The interaction of binocular disparity and motion parallax in the computation of depth. Vision Res. 36(21), 3457–3468 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Gilinsky, A.S.: Perceived size and distance in visual space. Psychological Review 58, 460–482 (1951)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. McCready, D.: On size, distance, and visual angle perception. Percept. Psychophys. 37(4), 323–334 (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Loomis, J.M., Da Silva, J.A., Philbeck, J.W., Fukusima, S.S.: Visual perception of location and distance. Current Directions in Psychological Science 5, 72–77 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Louw, S., Smeets, J.B.J., Brenner, E.: Judging surface slant for placing objects: a role for motion parallax. Exp. Brain Res. 183(2), 149–158 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Loomis, J.M., Knapp, J.M.: Visual perception of egocentric distance in real and virtual environments. In: Hettinger, L.J., Haas, M.W. (eds.) Virtual and Adaptive Environments, pp. 21–46 (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Interrante, V., Ries, B., Anderson, L.: Distance perception in immersive virtual environments, revisited. In: Proc. Virtual Reality Conference, pp. 3–10 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Gruber, H.E.: The relation of perceived size to perceived distance. The American Journal of Psychology 67, 411–426 (1954)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Berryhill, M.E., Fendrich, R., Olson, I.R.: Impaired distance perception and size constancy following bilateral occipitoparietal damage. Exp. Brain Res. 194(3), 381–393 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Witmer, B.G., Kline, P.B.: Judging perceived and traversed distance in virtual environments. Presence: Teleoper. Virtual Environ. 7(2), 144–167 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Thompson, W.B., Willemsen, P., Gooch, A.A., Creem-regehr, S.H., Loomis, J.M., Beall, A.C.: Does the quality of the computer graphics matter when judging distances in visually immersive environments (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Messing, R., Durgin, F.H.: Distance perception and the visual horizon in head-mounted displays. ACM Trans. Appl. Percept. 2(3), 234–250 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Ball, K., Smith, D., Ellison, A., Schenk, T.: Both egocentric and allocentric cues support spatial priming in visual search. Neuropsychologia 47(6), 1585–1591 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Committeri, G., Galati, G., Paradis, A.L., Pizzamiglio, L., Berthoz, A., LeBihan, D.: Reference frames for spatial cognition: different brain areas are involved in viewer-, object-, and landmark-centered judgments about object location. J. Cogn. Neurosci. 16(9), 1517–1535 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Sakata, H., Taira, M., Kusunoki, M., Murata, A., Tanaka, Y.: The tins lecture the parietal association cortex in depth perception and visual control of hand action. Trends Neurosci. 20(8), 350–357 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Decety, J., Jeannerod, M., Prablanc, C.: The timing of mentally represented actions. Behav. Brain Res. 34(1-2), 35–42 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Mon-Williams, M., Tresilian, J.R.: The size-distance paradox is a cognitive phenomenon. Exp. Brain Res. 126(4), 578–582 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Armbrüster, C., Wolter, M., Kuhlen, T., Spijkers, W., Fimm, B.: Depth perception in virtual reality: distance estimations in peri- and extrapersonal space. Cyberpsychol. Behav. 11(1), 9–15 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Grossman, T., Balakrishnan, R.: An evaluation of depth perception on volumetric displays. In: AVI 2006: Proceedings of the working conference on Advanced visual interfaces, pp. 193–200. ACM, New York (2006)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  21. Milner, A.D., Goodale, M.A.: Visual pathways to perception and action. Prog. Brain Res. 95, 317–337 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Knapp, J.M., Loomis, J.M.: Limited field of view of head-mounted displays is not the cause of distance underestimation in virtual environments. Presence 13, 572–577 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Naceri, A., Chellali, R., Toma, S., Dionnet, F. (2009). What Visual Cues Do We Use to Perceive Depth in Virtual Environments?. In: Xie, M., Xiong, Y., Xiong, C., Liu, H., Hu, Z. (eds) Intelligent Robotics and Applications. ICIRA 2009. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 5928. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10817-4_80

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-10817-4_80

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-10816-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-10817-4

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics