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Development of the Retina

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Pediatric Retina

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Abstract

Appreciating the mechanisms responsible for normal retinal development is critical to understanding disease processes affecting the pediatric retina. Remarkably, the retina develops over a relatively long period of time beginning from the early gestational period through the first years of life. Consider, for example, that the human macula, which although first evident at a gestational age of 11 weeks, is still very immature even at birth [1]. The relative long window of retinal development is a vulnerability leaving this intricate tissue susceptible to specific genetic and environmental insults over an extended period. Furthermore, many of the central concepts in developmental biology were first discovered, and continue to be uncovered by studies of retinal development in various systems ranging from drosophila to man. Thus, the study of retinal development continues to provide important insights not only into the pediatric retina, the main subject of this book, but also into the mysteries of developmental embryology, vertebrate evolution, and disease pathophysiology. The following pages are meant to provide a foundation to the subject rather than a compendium of genes and syndromes. The emphasis taken, therefore, is to encourage the reader to understand the origin of the current concepts that exist, most importantly to appreciate that we are only at the tip of the iceberg with most important discoveries and breakthroughs yet to be made.

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Acknowledgements

We extend an apology to the authors of the many excellent papers that could not be cited directly because of space constraints. Dr Gonzalez-Fernandez holds the Ira G. Olmsted Ross and Elizabeth P. Ross Chair of Ophthalmic Pathology. The Work was supported in part by Merit Review Award I01BX007080 from the Biomedical Laboratory Research & Development Service of the Veterans Affairs Office of Research and Development, RO1 EY09412, R24 EY016662 core instrumentation grant, and an unrestricted grant from Research to Prevent Blindness.

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  1. Departments of Ophthalmology, Pathology & Anatomical Sciences, and Neurosciences of the State University of New York, and Ira G. Ross Vision Research Center, Ross Eye Institute, Medical Research Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Buffalo, NY, USA

    Federico Gonzalez-Fernandez

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  1. Federico Gonzalez-Fernandez
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Correspondence to Federico Gonzalez-Fernandez .

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  1. Ross Eye Inst., State University of New York, Buffalo, Main Street 1176, Buffalo, 14209, New York, USA

    James Reynolds

  2. Children's Mercy Hospital, Gillham St. 2401, Kansas City, 64108, Missouri, USA

    Scott Olitsky

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Gonzalez-Fernandez, F. (2011). Development of the Retina. In: Reynolds, J., Olitsky, S. (eds) Pediatric Retina. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12041-1_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12041-1_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-12040-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-12041-1

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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