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Cuphea

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Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources

Abstract

The genus Cuphea (Lyhtracea) is a New World genus, with about 600 species of herbaceous, perennial, and small shrubs native to North, Central, and South America. Many of Cuphea species have the ability to synthesize and store medium chain fatty acids (MCFAs) in their seeds. These MCFAs, such as capric, lauric, and myristic acids have several medicinal and nutritional uses. Modern studies in Cuphea systematics rely upon many kinds of comparative data such as cytology, cytogenetics, metabolites and molecular studies, which are important sources of information to depict evolution. Recently, attention has been focused on domestication of the species within the genus Cuphea, but Cuphea generally exhibits wild traits, such as undeterminate pattern of growth, flowering, seed shattering, seed dormancy, and viscid and glandular hairs on plants. These traits are major constraints to agricultural use. Several breeding and modern biotechnology methods have been attempting to remove these limitations to domestication of Cuphea. Gene flow from wild to domesticated plant species has an important role in relation to the evolution of crop plants. This risk of gene transfer from Cuphea to related weedy species, as well as Lythrum, may be production of new aggressive weeds (superweeds). Most of the wild plants, for example Cuphea, have already been adapted to European and USA climate with higher yield and storage, using the different new technologies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, Poznań, 60-479, Poland

    Jan Olejniczak

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  1. Jan Olejniczak
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Correspondence to Jan Olejniczak .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Nutraceutical Research, Clemson University, Jordan Hall 109, Clemson, 29634, South Carolina, USA

    Chittaranjan Kole

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Olejniczak, J. (2011). Cuphea. In: Kole, C. (eds) Wild Crop Relatives: Genomic and Breeding Resources. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14871-2_6

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