Machine Haptics

Abstract

The development of HAVE applications encompasses the development of both audiovisual devices and haptic devices to deliver a higher sense of immersion in a 3D space. 2D and 3D audio technologies have been introduced to create the illusion of sound sources placed anywhere in a three-dimensional space. By processing relative left and right speaker signals, apparent sound locations can be perceived at an arbitrary point in space. Visual information in HAVE applications can be characterized by the field of view (FOV), which represents the total visible angular deviation. The FOV needs to cover between 60 and 100^∘ along the horizontal axis in order for the user to be immersed in the virtual environment. This is less than the capability of the human eye, which has an FOV range between 180 and 270^∘, depending on whether the eye is moving or not. The update rate for visual feedback is around 75Hz, and the suggested resolution is on the magnitude of 1,960 ×1,280 pixels, even though it is possible to reach 8,000 ×8,000 pixels.