Skip to main content

A Wearable User Interface for Measuring Reaction Time

  • Conference paper
Ambient Intelligence (AmI 2011)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 7040))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

Reaction time (RT) tests are known as simple and sensitive tests for detecting variation in cognitive efficiency. RT tests measure the elapsed time between a stimulus and the individual’s response to it. A drawback of existing RT tests is that they require the full attention of a test person which prohibits the measurement of cognitive efficiency during daily routine tasks. In this contribution we present the design and the evaluation of a wearable RT test user interface which can be operated throughout everyday life. We designed a wearable watch-like device which combines the generation of a haptic stimulus and the recognition of subject’s hand movement response. In order to show to what extent the wearable RT test is convenient to measure reaction times, we designed an experiment in which we measured the reaction times of ten subjects from two different setups. In the first half of the experiment, the participants performed a desktop-based RT test whereas in the second half of the experiment they performed the wearable RT test. In order to measure changes in the duration and variability of reaction times we induced additional cognitive load in both setups. We show that individual changes of reaction times occurred due to the cognitive load manipulation are similar for both desktop-based and wearable RT test. Additionally we investigate the subjective ratings of perceived workload. We conclude that the presented wearable RT test allows to measure changes in reaction times occurred due to additional cognitive load and hence would allow the assessment of changes in cognitive efficiency throughout everyday life.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Pebl, http://pebl.sourceforge.net/

  2. Braverman, E.R., Chen, A.L., Chen, T.J., Schoolfield, J.D., Notaro, A., Braverman, D., Kerner, M., Blum, S.H., Arcuri, V., Varshavskiy, M., Damle, U., Downs, B.W., Waite, R.L., Oscar-Berman, M., Giordano, J., Blum, K.: Test of variables of attention (TOVA) as a predictor of early attention complaints, an antecedent to dementia. Neuropsychiatr. Dis. Treat. 6, 681–690 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, H.-Y., Santos, J., Graves, M., Kim, K., Tan, H.Z.: Tactor Localization at the Wrist. In: Ferre, M. (ed.) EuroHaptics 2008. LNCS, vol. 5024, pp. 209–218. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  4. Forbes, G.B.: Clinical utility of the Test of Variables of Attention (TOVA) in the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J. Clin. Psychol. 54, 461–476 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gorus, E., De Raedt, R., Lambert, M., Lemper, J.C., Mets, T.: Reaction times and performance variability in normal aging, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s disease. J. Geriatr. Psychiatry Neurol. 21, 204–218 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Harms, H., Amft, O., Winkler, R., Schumm, J., Kusserow, M., Tröster, G.: Ethos: Miniature orientation sensor for wearable human motion analysis. In: Proceedings of IEEE Sensors Conference. IEEE (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hart, S.G., Stavenland, L.E.: Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Results of empirical and theoretical research. In: Hancock, P.A., Meshkati, N. (eds.) Human Mental Workload, ch. 7, pp. 139–183. Elsevier (1988)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ivorra, A., Daniels, C., Rubinsky, B.: Minimally obtrusive wearable device for continuous interactive cognitive and neurological assessment. Physiol. Meas. 29, 543–554 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Jaeggi, S.M., Buschkuehl, M., Jonides, J., Perrig, W.J.: Improving fluid intelligence with training on working memory. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 105, 6829–6833 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Jensen, A.R.: Clocking the mind: Mental chronometry and individual differences. Elsevier (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Kosinski, R.J.: A literature review on reaction time (August 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Lee, S.C., Starner, T.: BuzzWear: alert perception in wearable tactile displays on the wrist. In: CHI 2010: Proceedings of the 28th International Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, pp. 433–442. ACM, New York (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Lieberman, H.R., Matthew Kramer, F., Montain, S.J., Niro, P.: Field assessment and enhancement of cognitive performance: Development of an ambulatory vigilance monitor. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine 78 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Duncan Luce, R.: Response Times: Their Role in Inferring Elementary Mental Organization. Oxford University Press (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Matscheko, M., Ferscha, A., Riener, A., Lehner, M.: Tactor placement in wrist worn wearables. In: International Symposium on Wearable Computers (ISWC), pp. 1–8 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Oakley, I., Kim, Y., Lee, J., Ryu, J.: Determining the feasibility of forearm mounted vibrotactile displays. In: Haptic Interfaces for Virtual Environment and Teleoperator Systems, HAPTICS 2006 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Scholz, U., Marca, R.L., Nater, U.M., Aberle, I., Ehlert, U., Hornung, R., Martin, M., Kliegel, M.: Go no-go performance under psychosocial stress: Beneficial effects of implementation intentions. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory 91(1), 89–92 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Vaurio, R.G., Simmonds, D.J., Mostofsky, S.H.: Increased intra-individual reaction time variability in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder across response inhibition tasks with different cognitive demands. Neuropsychologia 47(12), 2389–2396 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Whelan, R.: Effective analysis of reaction time data. The Psychological Record 58, 475–482 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Wild, K., Howieson, D., Webbe, F., Seelye, A., Kaye, J.: Status of computerized cognitive testing in aging: A systematic review. Alzheimer’s and Dementia 4(6), 428–437 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2011 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Cinaz, B., Vogt, C., Arnrich, B., Tröster, G. (2011). A Wearable User Interface for Measuring Reaction Time. In: Keyson, D.V., et al. Ambient Intelligence. AmI 2011. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 7040. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25167-2_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25167-2_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-25166-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-25167-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics