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Psychological Assessment in Psychopharmacology

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Psychopharmacology in Oncology and Palliative Care

Abstract

A key element of supportive care is the reliable measurement of psychological health and psychosocial problems. This may include detection and measurement of frank psychiatric disorders as well as broader psychological symptoms and generalised distress. Many organisations have made recommendations for assessment of distress but despite the potential benefits uptake has been slow and evidence mixed. There is however momentum building for multi-domain screening for distress as the 6th vital sign. Psychosocial assessment can be pragmatically divided into screening, clinical assessment (case-finding) and assessment of adaptation and daily function. Screening for distress is designed to quickly ascertain which individuals in a large population need further assessment followed by specific additional care and intervention; however, the evidence base for screening needs to be improved. The target of screening may be mood disorders, distress, cognitive decline, unmet needs or a multi-domain approach. A multidimensional approach may be preferable and a multidimensional tool can be valuable as it can serve as a roadmap to a more effective way of addressing patient concerns in a timely way with appropriate referral to the right professional. Most forms of screening are seen as at least a slight burden to patients and clinicians. In some circumstances this burden can be significant and rate-limiting. Therefore screening implementation can be limited as much by acceptability as by accuracy. Screening for distress and/or psychological assessment should not be considered a one-off exercise but part of routine high quality of care that involves all healthcare professionals. Thorough and timely psychological assessment will enhance trust and therapeutic alliance. Psychosocial needs are the most overlooked of all cancer complications. Psychological assessment together with appropriate follow-up and tailored acceptable interventions will help reduce this gap in unmet psychosocial needs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psycho-oncology, Cancer Studies & Molecular Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK

    Alex J. Mitchell

  2. Department of Psychosocial Oncology, Tom Baker Cancer Centre, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada

    Barry D. Bultz

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Biomedical & Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy

    Luigi Grassi

  2. Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Michelle Riba

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Mitchell, A.J., Bultz, B.D. (2014). Psychological Assessment in Psychopharmacology. In: Grassi, L., Riba, M. (eds) Psychopharmacology in Oncology and Palliative Care. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-40134-3_4

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