Abstract
Understanding the mass balance of the many chemical constituents either emitted to the atmosphere from anthropogenic or biogenic sources or formed within the atmosphere belongs to the most challenging problems in atmospheric sciences. Depending of the size of the volume for which a system with open boundaries is defined, different processes come into play determining the local distribution and temporal variation of the concentrations within the system.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adrian, G., F. Fiedler; 1991, Simulation of unstationary wind and temperature fields over complex terrain and comparison with observations. Beitr. Phys. Atmos. 64, 27-48.
Anfossi, D., P. Gaglione, G. Graziani, K. Nodop, A. Stingele A. Marzorati, G. Graziani; 1996, The TRANSALP tracer campaigns: lessons learned and possible project evolution, in P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, T. Cvitaš and W. Seiler (eds), Proc. EUROTRAC Symp. ’96, Computational Mechanics Publications, Southampton, Vol. 1, pp. 751-756.
Anfossi, D., F. Desiato, G. Tinarelli, G. Brusasca, E. Ferrero and D. Sacchetti, 1998, TRANSALP 1989 experimental campaign - II. Simulation of a tracer experiment with Lagrangian particle models, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1157-1166
Ambrosetti, P., D. Anfossi, S. Cieslik, G. Graziani, R. Lamprecht, A. Marzorati, K. Nodop, S. Sandroni, A. Stingele, H. Zimmermann; 1998, Mesoscale transport of atmospheric trace constituents across the central Alps: TRANSALP tracer experiments, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1257-1272.
Bemer, P., R. Friedrich, C. John, A. Obermeier; 1996, Generation of an emission data base for TRACT, in: P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, T. Cvitaš, K. Kelly, W. Seiler (eds), Proc. EUROTRAC Symp 96. Computational Mechanics Publ., Southhampton, Vol. 1, pp. 791-799.
Desiato, F., S. Finardi, G. Brusasca, M.G. Morselli; 1998, TRANSALP 1989 experimental campaign - I. Simulation of 3-D flow with diagnostic wind field models, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1141-1156.
Fiedler, F.; 1989, TRACT Project Description, EUROTRAC ISS, Garmisch-Partenkirchen.
Fiedler, F., G. Adrian, M. Bär, J. Franck, K. Höschele, W. Hübschmann, K. Nester, T. Pfeiffer, P. Thomas, B. Vogel, S. Vogt, O. Walk; 1991, Transport und Umwandlung von Luftschadstoffen im Lande Baden-Württemberg und aus Anrainerstaaten (TULLA), KfK-PEF 88.
Fiedler, F.; 1992, TRACT Operational Plan. Inst. Meteorol. Klimaforsch., Universität Karlsruhe/Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 66pp.
Fiedler, F.; 1995, Klimaatlas Oberrhein Mitte-Süd 1995, Herausgeber: Oberrheinische Universitäten (Basel, Freiburg, Strasbourg, Karlsruhe)
Fiedler, F., I. Bischoff-Gauß, N. Kalthoff, G. Adrian; 1999, Modeling of the Transport and Diffusion of a Tracer in the Freiburg-Schauinsland Area, J. Geophys. Res., in press.
Güsten, H., G. Heinrich, D. Sprung; 1998: Nocturnal Depletion of Ozone in the Upper Rhine Valley, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1195-1202.
Hasager, C. B., N. O. Jensen; 1999, Surface-Flux aggregation in heterogeneous terrain, Quart. J. Roy. Meteorol. Soc. 125, 2075-2102.
Heinrich, G., J. Weppner, H. Güsten, G. Clauss, H. Antz, A. Target; 1994, Quality assurance for trace gas sensors used in the nested area of TRACT, EUROTRAC Annual Report 1993, part 10, TRACT, EUROTRAC ISS, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, pp. 103-119.
Kalthoff, N, O. Kolle; 1993, Intercomparison of meteorological surface measurements during the TRACT campaign in summer 1992, EUROTRAC Annual Report 1992, part 2, TRACT, EUROTRAC ISS, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, pp. 104-119.
Kanter, H-J., F. Slemr, and V. Mohnen, 1996, Airborne chemical and meteorological measurements made during the 1992 TRACT experiment: quality control and assessment, J. Air and Waste Management Association 46, 710-724
Koßmann, M., U. Corsmeier, R. Vögtlin, A.M. Jochum, C. Strodl, H. Willeke, B. Neininger, W. Fuchs, W. Graber; 1994, Aircraft intercomparison in the nested area during the TRACT campaign, EUROTRAC Annual Report 1993, part 10, TRACT, EUROTRAC ISS, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, pp. 94-102
Koßmann, M., H. Vogel, B. Vogel, R. Vögtlin, U. Corsmeier, F. Fiedler, O. Klemm, H. Schlager; 1997, The composition and Vertical Distribution of Volatile Organic Compounds in Southwest Germany, Eastern France and Northern Switzerland during the TRACT Campaign in September 1992, Physics and Chemistry of the Earth 21, 429-433.
Koßmann, M., R. Vögtlin, U. Corsmeier, B. Vogel, F. Fiedler, H-J Binder, N. Kalthoff, F. Beyrich; 1998, Aspects of the convective boundary layer structure over complex terrain, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1323-1348
Löffler-Mang, M., M. Koßmann, R. Vögtlin, F. Fiedler; 1997: Valley Wind Systems and their Influence on Nocturnal Ozone Concentrations, Beitr. Phys. Atmos. 70, 1-14.
Martilli, A. and G. Graziani; 1998, Mesoscale circulation across the Alps: preliminary simulation of the TRANSALP 1990 simulations, Atmos. Environ. 32, 1241-1256.
Mohnen, V., U. Corsmeier, F. Fiedler; 1992, Quality Assurance Project Plan: Aircraft Measurement Systems, Inst. Meteorol. Klimaforsch., Universität Karlsruhe/Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe 184pp.
Mohnen, V., 1996 Quality Assurance in Atmospheric Measurements and Assessments, in: P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, T. Cvitaš, K. Kelly, W. Seiler (eds), Proc. EUROTRAC Symp. ’96, Computer Mechanics Publications, Southampton, vol. 2, pp. 417-123.
Nodop, K., P. Ambrosetti, D. Anfossi, S. Cieslik, P. Gaglione, R. Lamprecht, A. Marzorati, A. Stingele, H. Zimmermann; 1992, Tracer experiment to study air flow across the Alps, in: P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, T. Cvitaš and W. Seiler (eds), Proc. EUROTRAC Symp. ’92, SPB Academic Publishing bv, The Hague, pp. 203-207.
Obermeier, A., J. Seier, C. John, P. Bemer, R. Friedrich; 1996, TRACT: Erstellung einer Emissionsdatenbasis fur TRACT, Forschungsbericht des Instituts für Energiewirtschaft und Rationelle Energieanwendung, Band 27, Stuttgart, ISSN 0938-1228.
Ruggaber, A., R. Dlugi, R. Forkel, W. Seidl, H. Hass, T. Nakajima, B. Vogel, M. Hammer, 1995, Modelling of radiation quantities and photolysis frequencies in the troposphere, in: A. Ebel, N. Moussiopoulos (eds), Air Pollution III, Volume 4: Observation and Simulation of Air Pollution, Computational Mechanics Publications, Southampton, pp. 111-118.
Uhrner, U.; 1997, Physikalische Ursachen für regionale Unterschiede in der nächtlichen Ozonverteilung, Diplomarbeit, Inst. Meteorol. Klimaforsch., Universität Karlsruhe/Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe.
Vogel, H., Bär, M., Fiedler, F.; 1991: Influence of different land-use types on dry deposition, concentration and mass balances: a case study, in: P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, T. Cvitaš, W. Seller (eds), Proc. of EUROTRAC Symp. 92., SPB Academic Publishing by, The Hague, pp. 559-562.
Vogel, B., F. Fiedler, H. Vogel; 1995, Influence of topography and biogenic volatile organic compounds emission in the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg on ozone concentrations during episodes of high air temperatures, J. Geophys. Res. 100, 22907-22928.
Vogel, B., M. Hammer, N. Riemer, H. Vogel, A. Ruggaber; 1997, A method to determine the three-dimensional distribution of photolysis frequencies in the regional scale, in: P.M. Borrell, P. Borrell, K. Kelly, T. Cvitaš, W. Seiler (eds), Proc. EUROTRAC Symp. ’96, Computational Mechanics Publications, Southampton, pp. 745-749.
Vogel, B., Riemer, N., Vogel, H., Fiedler, F.; 1999, Findings on NOy as an Indicator for Ozone Sensitivity based on Different Numerical Simulations, J. Geophys. Res. 104, 3605-3620.
Wachs, P., U. Corsmeier, F. Fiedler; 1992, Subproject TRACT: Aircraft Operational Plan, Inst. Meteorol. Klimaforsch., Universität Karlsruhe/Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe.
Zimmermann, H.;, 1995, Field phase report of the TRACT field measurement campaign, EUROTRAC ISS, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, pp 196.
Zimmermann, H., 1999, contact zdb@imk.fzk.de to access the TRACT data.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer-Verlag Berlin · Heidelberg
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Fiedler, F., Borrell, P. (2000). TRACT: Transport of Air Pollutants over Complex Terrain. In: Borrell, P., Borrell, P.M. (eds) Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere. Transport and Chemical Transformation of Pollutants in the Troposphere, vol 1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59718-3_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-59718-3_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-64097-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-59718-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive