Abstract
Since 1971, the Department of Urology at the University of California, San Francisco, has been involved in the application of electrical neurostimulation to the human genitourinary tract (Schmidt and Tanagho 1979). Although the material and technique has been improved, the rates of success for intraspinal sacral root stimulation as well as for the sacral foramen electrode implants remained steady at about 75% (Schmidt 1988; Schmidt and Tanagho 1990). For a better understanding of the failure rate, we performed this supramicroscopic study of the human anatomy of the conus medullaris, the cauda equina, and the topography of the sacral spinal nerves in their relationship to the sacral foramina.
Supported by Grant ME 902/1-2 from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Federal Republic of Germany, Prize-winner 10th Symposium Experimental Urology, 1990, Munich, FRG.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
d’Avella D, Mingrino S (1979) Microsurgical anatomy of lumbosacral spinal roots. J Neurosurg 51:819.
Marzo JM, Simmons EH, Kallen F (1987) Intradural connections between adjacent cervical spinal roots. Spine 12:964.
Rickenbacher J, Landolt AM, Theiler K (1985) Applied anatomy of the back. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York Tokyo.
Schmidt RA (1988) Applications of neurostimulation in urology. Neurourol Urodynam 7:585.
Schmidt RA, Tanagho EA (1990) Klinische Anwendung der Neurostimulation. Urologe [A]29:191.
Schmidt RA, Tanagho EA (1979) Feasibility of controlled micturition through electric stimulation. Urol Int 34:199.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mersdorf, A., Mersdorf, T., Tanagho, E.A., Jonas, D. (1991). Topographic-Anatomical Basis of the Sacral Application of Electro-Neurostimulation: Neuroanatomical Variations. In: Jocham, D., Thüroff, J.W., Rübben, H. (eds) Investigative Urology 4. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75972-7_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75972-7_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-75974-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-75972-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive