Abstract
The presence of autoantibodies such as rheumatoid factor (RF) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) prompted the concept that abnormalities in the immune system may be important in the development of the disease [70]. This in turn led to intensive studies on the cells involved and their interactions and homing to the site of local inflammation. In RA, the synovial membrane is characterized by the presence of lymphoid aggregates, local production of cytokines and secretion of immunoglobulins, of which a proportion shows autoantibody specificity (see Feldmann et al., this volume). In fact, the synovial membrane effectively functions as an ectopic lymphoid organ actively involved in an immune response.
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Plater-Zyberk, C., Maini, R.N., Brennan, F.M., Feldmann, M. (1992). CD5+ B Cells and Double-Negative T Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. In: Smolen, J.S., Kalden, J.R., Maini, R.N. (eds) Rheumatoid Arthritis. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76189-8_9
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