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Genomic Instability in Head and Neck Cancer

  • Chapter
Oral Pathology

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Pathology ((CT PATHOLOGY,volume 90))

Abstract

Carcinogenesis is a multistage process, resulting from the accumulation of genetic alterations. Proliferation of normal cells is thought to be regulated by growth-promoting proto-oncogenes counterbalanced by growth-constraining tumour suppressor genes (TSG) (Weinberg 1991). During tumour initiation and progression, proto-oncogenes may be activated by amplification, rearrangement or point mutation, whilst loss of function of TSG may be caused by deletion or mutation. Precisely how many genetic alterations are required for tumourigenesis is unclear; statistical analysis based on age-specific data suggests that five or six steps are generally necessary (Renan 1993). In a molecular model specific for colorectal tumourigenesis, it has been proposed that mutations in at least four to five genes are required for the formation of a malignant tumour (Fearon and Vogelstein 1990). In the case of head and neck cancer, however, it has been suggested that a greater number of genetic lesions are required (Renan 1993), and it is evident from allelotype analysis that the process is complex (Field et al. 1995b).

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Authors
  1. A. G. M. Scholes
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  2. J. K. Field
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Pathology, University of Hamburg, Martinistr. 52 UKE, 20246, Hamburg, Germany

    Gerhard Seifert (Prof. Dr. med.) (Prof. Dr. med.)

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© 1996 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Scholes, A.G.M., Field, J.K. (1996). Genomic Instability in Head and Neck Cancer. In: Seifert, G. (eds) Oral Pathology. Current Topics in Pathology, vol 90. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80169-3_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80169-3_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-80171-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-80169-3

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