Abstract
Many cell types can now be isolated and maintained in large quantities for long periods as a result of recent improvements in tissue culture techniques. Thus, it is possible to maintain normal and abnormal cells in vitro and under controlled conditions in order to study many questions of major importance in cell biology including cell differentiation, cell-to-cell interactions, cell transformations, and cell chemistry. In the past it has been necessary when desiring details of these cells to examine them with phase contrast and Nomarski optics or to examine large numbers of extremely thin sections with the transmission electron microscope. These techniques have not and cannot provide the degree of information that can be provided by techniques of scanning electron microscopy. In order to study such problems as the surface structure of whole cells and their form under different environmental conditions as well as the processes associated with malignant transformation of cells, the depth of field and the resolution afforded by the SEM is invaluable.
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Kessel, R.G., Shih, C.Y. (1976). Cells in Culture. In: Scanning Electron Microscopy in BIOLOGY. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80834-0_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-80834-0_3
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