Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Animal Models

  • Chapter
Urinary Enzymes

  • 135 Accesses

Abstract

Measurement of urinary enzyme excretion as a test for the integrity of the renal parenchyma has become a valuable procedure in animal experiments, particularly in nephrotoxicity studies. Since the number of drugs with known nephrotoxic side effects increased from 60 in 1980 [3] to about 150 in 1988 [7], the analysis of urinary enzymes is included in many protocols for drug-testing experiments. This non-invasive method permits monitoring of very early stages of renal injury and allows observation of the same animal over longer periods of time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Adelman RD, Sprangler WL, Beasom F, Ishizaki G, Conzelman GM (1981) Fursemide enhancement of netilimicin nephrotoxicity in dogs. J Antimicrob Chemother 7:431–440.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Alt J (1988) Proteinurie des Versuchstieres. Parey, Berlin Hamburg (Schriftenreihe Versuchstierkunde H. 13).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Berscheid G, Grötsch H, Hropot M, Klaus E (1983) Enzymurie der Ratte unter Gabe von Azneimitteln. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 21:239–240.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bräunlich H, Fleck C (1981) Urinary enzyme excretion as an indicator of nephrotoxicity in dependence on age. Exp Path 20:182–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Coper H, Schulze G (1986) Altersbedingte Änderungen in der Empfindlichkeit für Arzneimittel. Internist 27:53–59.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Cronin RE (1979) Aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity: pathogenesis and prevention. Clin Nephrol 11:251–256.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Dukes MNG (ed) (1988) Meyler’s side effect of drugs. 11th edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Grötsch H, Hropot M, Klaus E, Malerczyk V, Mattenheimer, H (1985) Enzymuria of the rat: biorhythms and sex differences. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 23:343–347.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Grötsch H, Hropot M, Klaus E, Wesely J (1990) Influences of seasonal biorhythms on urinary excretion of enzymes and other parameters. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 28:285–286.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hardy ML, Hsu RC, Short CR (1985) The nephrotoxic potential of gentamicin in the cat enzymuria and alterations in urine concentrating capability. J Vet Pharm Ther 8:382–392.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hrushesky WJM, Levi FA, Halberg F, Kennedy BJ (1982) Circadian stage dependence of cis-diamminedichlorplatinium lethal toxicity in rats. Cancer Res 42:945–949.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jung K, Burchardt U (1987) Harnenzyme im Experiment und in der Klinik. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 25:823–828.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Levi F, Hrushesky WJM, Blomquist CH, Lakuta DJ, Haus E, Halberg F, Kennedy BJ (1982) Reduction of cis-diammiedichloroplatinium nephrotoxocity in rats by optimal circadian drug timing. Cancer Res 42:950–955.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Levi F, Boughattas NA, Blazsek I (1987) Comparative murine chronotoxicity of anticancer agents and related mechanism. Ann Rev Chronopharmacol 4:283–331.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Mayersbachv H (1977) Seasonal influences on laboratory rats living under highly standardized environmental conditions. J Interdiscipl Cycle Res 8:385.

    Google Scholar 

  16. McMartin DN, Engel SG (1982) Effect of aging on gentamicin nephrotoxicity and pharmacokinetics in rat. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 38:193–207.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Pierce RJ, Price RG, Marsden AM, Fowler JSL (1979) Urinary enzyme assays in toxicological studies in the rat and marmoset. Curr Probl Clin Biochem 9:201–214.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Plummer DT, Noorazar S, Obatomi DK, Haslam JD (1986) Assessment of renal injury by urinary enzymes. Uremia Invest 9:97–102.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Schirrow R, Wesslau C, Jung K (1987) Zur Ausscheidungsrhythmik verschiedener Harnenyzme bei Ratten. Nieren-und Hochdruckrankh 16:407.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Schultz SG, Lavelle KJ, Swain R (1982) Nephrotoxicity of radiocontrastmedia in ischemic renal failure in rabbits. Nephron 32:113–117.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Schulz E, Brodersen HP, Sack K (1983) Verhalten der Harnausscheidung von Tubuluszellen und Malatdehydrogenase in Abhängigkeit von Körpergewicht, Geschlecht und Stamm. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 21:245–246.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Simane ZJ, Breuer J (1983) Harnenzyme und andere Urinparameter im Tierversuch. J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 21:237–247.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Simane ZJ, Helm W (1984) The output of some urinary enzymes in rat as related to sex and age. Rev Brasil Anal Clin 16:97.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Stonard MD, Gore CW, Oliver GJA, Smith IK (1987) Urinary enzymes and protein patterns as indicators of injury to different regions of the kidney. Fundam Appl Toxicol 9:339–351.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Talesara CL, Mohini L (1978) Age-related changes in the activity of certain enzymes in the kidney of rat. Indian J Exp Biol 16:183–186.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Tate SS, Meister A (1975) Identity of malate-stimulated “glutaminase” with γ-glutamyltranspeptidase in rat kidney. J Biol Chem 250:4619–4624.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Wachsmuth ED (1981) Nephrotoxicity of cefotiam (CGP 14221/E) in rats and rabbits. Arch Toxicol 48:135–138.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Weber MH (1988) Urinary protein analysis. J Chrom 429:315–344.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Zbinden G, Fent K, Thouin MH (1988) Nephrotoxicity screening in rats; general approach and establishment of test criteria. Arch Toxicol 61:344–348.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. E. Fuchs
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Grötsch
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Experimental Organ Transplantation, University Hospital Charité Humboldt University Berlin, Landsberger Allee 49, O-1017, Berlin, Germany

    Klaus Jung

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke’s Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Parkway, Chicago, Ill., 60612, USA

    Hermann Mattenheimer M.D., D.Sc

  3. Department of Medicine, District Hospital Frankfurt, Müllroser Chaussee 7, O-1200, Frankfurt (Oder), Germany

    Ulf Burchardt

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fuchs, E., Grötsch, H. (1992). Animal Models. In: Jung, K., Mattenheimer, H., Burchardt, U. (eds) Urinary Enzymes. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84313-6_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-84313-6_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-84315-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-84313-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation