Zusammenfassung
Der Stoffaustausch zwischen mütterlichem und fetalem Kreislauf findet sowohl transplacentar wie auch paraplacentar durch die Amnionhäute statt. Dabei ist die Placenta in der Regel für Arzneimittel keine Barriere, sondern lediglich eine diffusionserschwerende Grenzfläche. Das bedeutet, daß es zu zeitlich verzögertem Übertritt von Arzneimitteln aus der mütterlichen in die fetale Zirkulation kommen kann, aber auch insbesondere, daß die Rückverteilung von Arzneimitteln aus der fetalen Zirkulation in das mütterliche Kompartiment verzögert wird. Deshalb ist es möglich, daß nach einer einmaligen Anwendung eines Arzneimittels in dem fetalen Kompartiment für längere Zeit höhere Konzentrationen des Arzneimittels nachweisbar sind als bei der Mutter.
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Schönhöfer, P.S., Kuschinsky, G. (1981). Diaplacentarer Transport von Analgetica: Bedeutung für die Arzneimitteltherapie in der Perinatalperiode. In: Weitzel, H., Zenz, M. (eds) Anaesthesie in der Geburtshilfe. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-93191-8_2
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