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Als Wilna neben Buenos Aires lag: Die Transnationalität jüdischen Lebens am Rio de la Plata, 1904–1939

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Migration – Religion – Identität. Aspekte transkultureller Prozesse

Zusammenfassung

After 1904 East European Jews started arriving at Rio de la Plata. Soon Argentina became the second most attractive overseas destination for Jews from Russia and Poland. With them they brought a new and rising Yiddish workers’ culture. While in the 1900s this work was mostly disconnected from their khaverim back in Europe, in the following decades and in close connection to growing Polish and US-American Jewish institutions, these immigrants transferred cultural and political practices from Eastern Europe to Argentina. As an effect they created a transnational socialist and Yiddish culture with local specifics but closely related to the movement’s heart in Poland. On this basis of massive migration, exchange and transatlantic contact, this article suggests understanding Buenos Aires and Vilna as two focal points of one transnational Jewish culture in the Interwar period. Generally speaking, it argues for a closer integration of European and Latin American Jewish history and for a shift from Jewish intellectuals to worker activists as the pillars of Yiddish culture.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/1114 (Bund).

  2. 2.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/Comite Central Pro Socorro a las victimas israelitas de la guerra y refugiados, 1916–1921; ebd./1036 (Materiales de otras organizaciones)/32 (Bericht des Centro Sionista Concordia, Concordia 29. Juli 1919), 1–21 (div. Schreiben, inkl. Avangard, Schneidergewerkschaft etc., 1919).

  3. 3.

    Vgl. die Ausgaben: Der avangard, 1. Folge 1908−1910; 2. Folge 1916/17, 3. Folge 1919−1920, mit konstant fallender Qualität und Reichweite, für eine Analyse s. Wolff 2014, S. 140−152.

  4. 4.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/1114 (Bund)/Briefwechsel Kohn – Veber, 1920.

  5. 5.

    Eine wichtige Ausnahme ist die in diesen Jahren aufstrebende Di prese, eine gemäßigtere Form des New Yorker Forverts.

  6. 6.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/1111 (Educación)/Schreiben 1920er, Protokollbuch: Veltlekhe shuln 1923, diverse Unterlagen.

  7. 7.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/Scholem Aleijem, Zwischo/Libro de Socios.

  8. 8.

    IWO, Buenos Aires/Comite de Ayuda a las escuelas laicas Israelita de Polonia y Argentina/17/Barikht 1931.

  9. 9.

    Tsentrale veltlekhe yidishe shul organisatsye.

  10. 10.

    IWO, Argentinien,/1103 [CAEI].

  11. 11.

    Pl. von jid.: balebos: Chef, Besitzer (von Gut und Grund bis zu Fabriken), von Bundisten oft als Synonym für „Ausbeuter“ oder „bourgeoiser Jude“ gebraucht.

  12. 12.

    Für die jüdischen Kommunisten trat freilich die Sowjetunion an diese Stelle, allen voran die Evsekcija (Gitelman 1972; Moss 2009).

  13. 13.

    Bund Archives, New York/RG 1400/Workmen’s Circle Collection/1317/6/Report to the Annual Meeting of the National Organization Committee, Workmen’s Circle, 13. Juli 1941, S. 1.

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  1. Institut für Migrationsforschung und Interkulturelle Studien (IMIS), Universität Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Deutschland

    Dr. Frank Wolff M.A.

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  1. Dr. Frank Wolff M.A.
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Correspondence to Frank Wolff M.A. .

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  1. Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany

    Kerstin Kazzazi

  2. Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany

    Angela Treiber

  3. Professur für Geschichte Lateinamerikas, Katholische Universität Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Eichstätt, Germany

    Tim Wätzold

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Wolff, F. (2016). Als Wilna neben Buenos Aires lag: Die Transnationalität jüdischen Lebens am Rio de la Plata, 1904–1939. In: Kazzazi, K., Treiber, A., Wätzold, T. (eds) Migration – Religion – Identität. Aspekte transkultureller Prozesse. Springer VS, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-06510-2_3

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