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Functional Roles of Glycosphingolipids and Sphingolipids in Signal Transduction

  • Chapter
Sphingolipid-Mediated Signal Transduction

Part of the book series: Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit ((MBIU))

Abstract

The role of GSLs in the control of cell growth was initially suggested by dramatic changes of GSL composition observed in polyoma virus-transformed cells,1 transformed vs. nontransformed cells with temperature-sensitive mutants of Rous sarcoma virus,2 and transformed cells transfected with Ras-K oncogene.3 Figure 10.1 summarizes the dramatic reduction of GM3 and associated increase of LacCer, GlcCer, and/or Cer in transformed cells in these early studies. These observations are consistent with today’s views on roles of these GSLs and SLs in control of signal transduction (see Fig. 1 legend). Subsequent studies on roles of GSLs in control of cell proliferation and signal transduction (as understood today) were based on: (a)exogenous addition of GSLs to transformed cells, which partially restored normal cell growth and extended the G1 phase of cell cycle;4 (b)use of anti-GM3 Fab antibodies which arrested cell growth at the G1 phase5 and induced normal cell growth pheno-type6 (c)a close correlation between “cell contact response” of GSL synthesis and “contact inhibition” of cell growth.7,8 Phenomenon (c) (illustrated in Fig. 10.2) is relevant to the current hypothesis that GM3- or Gb3-dependent signal transduction is altered in association with cell contact and contact inhibition, and that these signaling mechanisms are lost in transformed cells.

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Hakomori, Si. (1997). Functional Roles of Glycosphingolipids and Sphingolipids in Signal Transduction. In: Sphingolipid-Mediated Signal Transduction. Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-22425-0_10

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