Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Surface Reactivity and Magnetism at Metal-Semiconductor Interfaces

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Size Effects in Nanostructures

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 205))

Abstract

The interplay between magnetic properties and structure and interdifussion at interfaces is analyzed mainly by surface science methods and by core level spectroscopies (based on X-ray absorption XAS and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy XPS) on model systems implying deposition of magnetic metals (Fe, Co, Sm) on usual semiconductors (Si, GaAs, InAs). The Chapters begins with a review of the core level spectroscopies and of derived techniques, such as X-ray photoelectron diffraction (XPD) from XPS and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) from XAS, together with a brief description of other surface science techniques employed, such as low energy electron diffraction (LEED), reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED), magneto-optical Kerr effect (MOKE), and with some basics of the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. The examples are organized in pairs, namely one analyzes comparatively (i) interfaces formed by Fe or by Sm on Si(001), (ii) by Fe on GaAs(001) and on InAs(001), (iii) and by Co on bare GaAs(011) and on GaAs(011) passivated with Sb, in order to outline how small changes of the nature of the metal deposited, of the substrate (though identical from the chemical point of view) and of its initial state may result in strong deviations concerning both the quality of structures obtained and their magnetic properties. For instance, it is shown that Sb/Si(001) yields better properties than Fe/Si(001), Fe/InAs(001) exhibits lower reactivity and enhanced Fe magnetic moments than Fe/GaAs(001), and that passivation with antimony of GaAs(011) substrates yields to a reduced As out-diffusion into the metal layer, yielding lower tetragonal distortion and enhanced Co magnetic moments.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. S. Datta, B. Das, Appl. Phys. Lett. 56, 665 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. S. Bandyopadhyay, M. Cahay, Introcution to Spintronics (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2008)

    Google Scholar 

  3. G. Salis, R. Wang, X. Jiang, R.M. Shelby, S.S.P. Parkin, S.R. Bank, J.S. Harris, Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 262503 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. G. Wastlbauer, J.A.C. Bland, Adv. Phys. 54, 137 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. C.A.F. Vaz, J.A.C. Bland, G. Lauhoff, Rep. Prog. Phys. 71, 056501 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. H. Agarwal, S. Pramanik, S. Bandyopadhyay, New J. Phys. 10, 015001 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. S.N. Molotkov, S.S. Nazin, Phys. Low. Dim. Struct. 10, 85 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  8. M.W. Ruckman, J.J. Joyce, J.H. Weaver, Phys. Rev. B 33, 7029 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. S.A. Chambers, F. Xu, H.W. Chen, I.M. Vitomirov, S.B. Anderson, J.H. Weaver, Phys. Rev. B 34, 6605 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. J.J. Krebs, B.T. Jonker, G.A. Prinz, J. Appl. Phys. 61, 2596 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. J.F. Ankner, C.F. Majkrzak, H. Homma, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6436 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. J. Alvarez, A.L.V. Deparga, J.J. Hinarejos, J. Delafiguera, E.G. Michel, C. Ocal, R. Miranda, Phys. Rev. B 47, 16048 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. F. Xu, J.J. Joyce, M.W. Ruckman, H.-W. Chen, F. Boscherini, D.M. Hill, S.A. Chambers, J.H. Weaver, Phys. Rev. B 35, 2375 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. P.R. Hammar, B.R. Bennett, M.J. Yang, M. Johnson, Phys. Rev. Lett. 83, 203 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. D.J. Singh, J. Appl. Phys. 71, 3431 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. G.W. Anderson, M.C. Hanf, P.R. Norton, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2764 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. N.G. Apostol, Surfaces of Elemental and Oxide Semiconductors and Interfacse Formed by These Semiconductors With Metals Deposited by Molecular Beam Epitaxy. PhD thesis, “I.G. Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry, Bucharest, 2013 (unpublished)

    Google Scholar 

  18. J.B. Pendry, Low-Energy Electron Diffraction (Academic Press, London, 1974)

    Google Scholar 

  19. J.C. Vickerman, I.S. Gilmore (eds.), Surface Analysis, The Principal Techniques, 2nd edn. (Wiley, Chichester, 2000)

    Google Scholar 

  20. S. Hüffner, Photoelectron Spectroscopy: Principles and Applications, 3rd edn. (Springer, Berlin, 2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  21. CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 75th Ed., Boca Raton (FL), 1996

    Google Scholar 

  22. S.J. Thompson et al., X-ray Data Booklet (Center for X-ray Optics and Advanced Light Source,Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley (CA), 2009)

    Google Scholar 

  23. C.D. Wagner, L.E. Davis, M.V. Zeller, J.A. Taylor, R.M. Raymond, L.H. Gale, Surf. Interface Anal. 3, 211 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. C. Dragoi, N.G. Gheorghe, G.A. Lungu, L. Trupina, A.G. Ibanescu, C.M. Teodorescu, Phys. Stat. Solidi A 209, 1049 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. N.G. Apostol, L.E. Stoflea, G.A. Lungu, C.A. Tache, L. Pintilie, C.M. Teodorescu, Mater. Sci. Eng., B 178, 1317 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. C.M. Teodorescu, G. Socol, C. Negrila, D. Luca, D. Macovei, J. Exper, Nanosci. 5, 509 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Y. Sakamoto, J. Chem. Phys 28, 164 (1958)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. NIST XPS database, http://srdata.nist.gov/xps/

  29. N.G. Apostol, L.E. Stoflea, G.A. Lungu, C. Chirila, L. Trupina, R.F. Negrea, C. Ghica, L. Pintilie, C.M. Teodorescu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 273, 415 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. C.M. Teodorescu, J.M. Esteva, R.C. Karnatak, A. El Afif, Nucl. Instrum. Meth. Phys. Res. A 345, 141 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. S. Doniach, M. Sunjic, J. Phys. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 3, 285 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. H. Ibach, Electron Spectroscopy for Surface Analysis. Topics Curr. Phys. vol. 4. (Springer, Berlin, 1977)

    Google Scholar 

  33. D. Luca, D. Macovei, C.M. Teodorescu, Surf. Sci. 600, 4342 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Verziu, J. El Haskouri, D. Beltran, P. Amoros, D. Macovei, N.G. Gheorghe, C.M. Teodorescu, S.M. Coman, V.I. Parvulescu, Top. Catal. 53, 763 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. B.H. Brandsen, C.J. Joachain, Introduction to Quantum Mechanics (Longman, Harlow, 1989)

    Google Scholar 

  36. C. Westphal, Surf. Sci. Rep. 50, 1 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. B.K. Teo, EXAFS: Basic Principles and Data Analysis (Springer, Berlin, 1983)

    Google Scholar 

  38. M.A. Van Hove, W.H. Weinberg, C.-M. Chan, Low-Energy Electron Diffraction (Springer, Berlin, 1986)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  39. N. Franco, J. Avila, M.E. Davila, M.C. Asensio, D.P. Woodruff, O. Schaff, V. Fernandez, K.-M. Schindler, V. Fritzsche, A.M. Bradshaw, Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 673 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. A. Pancotti, J. Wang, P. Chen, L. Tortech, C.M. Teodorescu, E. Frantzeskakis, N. Barrett, Phys. Rev. B 87, 184116 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. C.M. Teodorescu, R.C. Karnatak, J.M. Esteva, A. El Afif, J.P. Connerade, J. Phys. B: At. Mol. Opt. Phys. 26, 4019 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. A. Negoi, S. Wuttke, E. Kemnitz, D. Macovei, C.M. Teodorescu, V.I. Parvulescu and S.M. Coman, Angew. Chem. Intl. Ed. 49, 8134 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  43. G. Schütz, W. Wagner, W. Wilhelm, P. Kienle, R. Zeller, R. Frahm, G. Materlik, Phys. Rev. Lett. 58, 737 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. B.T. Thole, P. Carra, F. Sette, G. van der Laan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 68, 1943 (1992)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. P. Carra, B.T. Thole, P. Altarelli, X. Wang, Phys. Rev. Lett. 70, 694 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. C.T. Chen, Y.U. Idzerda, H.-J. Lin, N.V. Smith, G. Meigs, E. Chaban, G.H. Ho, E. Pellegrin, F. Sette, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 152 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. C.M. Teodorescu, F. Chevrier, R. Brochier, V. Ilakovac, O. Heckmann, L. Lechevalier, K. Hricovini, Eur. Phys. J. B 28, 305 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. J. Kerr, Philos. Mag. 3, 321 (1877)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. J. Hamrle, Magneto-Optical Determination of the in-depth Magnetization Profile in Magnetic Multilayers, PhD thesis, Université Paris XI Orsay and Charles University in Prague, 2003 (unpublished)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Y. Makita, Y. Nakayama, Y. Fukuzawa, S.N. Wang, N. Otogawa, Y. Suzuki, Z.X. Liu, M. Osamura, T. Ootsuka, T. Mise, H. Tanoue, Thin Solid Films 461, 202 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. K. Konuma, J. Vrijmoeth, P.M. Zagwijn, J.W.M. Frenken, E. Vlieg, J.F. van der Veen, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 1104 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. A. Mascaraque, J. Avila, C.M. Teodorescu, M.C. Asensio, E.G. Michel, Phys. Rev. B. 55, R7315 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. M.G. Martin, J. Avila, M. Gruyters, C. Teodorescu, P. Dumas, Y.J. Chabal, M.C. Asensio, Appl. Surf. Sci. 123–124, 156 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. I.I. Pronin, M.V. Gomoyunova, D.E. Malygin, D.V. Vyalikh, Y.S., Dedkov and S.L. Molodsov. J. Appl. Phys. 104, 104914 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. K. Hamaya, K. Ueda, Y. Kishi, Y. Ando, T. Sadoh, M. Miyao, Appl. Phys. Lett. 93, 132117 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. A. Zangwill, Physics at Surfaces (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1988)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  57. K. Takayanagi, Y. Tanishiro, S. Takahashi, M. Takahashi, Surf. Sci. 164, 367 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. F. Owman, P. Mårtensson, Surf. Sci. 303, L367 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. R.M. Tromp, M. Mankos, M.C. Reuter, A.W. Ellis, M. Copel, Surf. Rev. Lett. 5, 1189 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. N.G. Gheorghe, G.A. Lungu, R.M. Costescu, D.G. Popescu, C.M. Teodorescu, Optoel. Adv. Mater. - Rapid Commun. 5, 499 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  61. N.G. Gheorghe, G.A. Lungu, R.M. Costescu, C.M. Teodorescu, Phys. Stat. Solidi B 248, 1919 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Phi-Ulvac MultiPak Software Manual, Ver. 9, Physical Electronics, Inc. Chanhassen, 2006

    Google Scholar 

  63. J. Xu, W.J. Choyke, T. Yates, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 6289 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. N.G. Gheorghe, M.A. Husanu, G.A. Lungu, R.M. Costescu, D. Macovei, C.M. Teodorescu, J. Mater. Sci. 47, 1614 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  65. N.G. Gheorghe, M.A. Husanu, G.A. Lungu, R.M. Costescu, D. Macovei, D.G. Popescu, C.M. Teodorescu, Digest J. Nanomater. Biostruct. 7, 373 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  66. J. Avila, A. Mascaraque, C. Teodorescu, E.G. Michel, M.C. Asensio, Surf. Sci. 377–379, 856 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. M. Cougo dos Santos, J. Geshev, J.E. Schmidt, S.R. Teixeira, L.G. Pereira, Phys. Rev. B 61, 1311 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. M. Suzuki, K. Kinoshita, S. Jomori, H. Harada, K. Nakajima, K. Kimura, Thin Solid Films 515, 8 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  69. J. Diaz, S.M. Valvidares, R. Morales, J.M. Alameda, J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 242, 166 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  70. G.A. Prinz, Science 250, 1092 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  71. N.G. Gheorghe, G.A. Lungu, M.A. Husanu, R.M. Costescu, D. Macovei, C.M. Teodorescu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 267, 106 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  72. R.M. Costescu, N.G. Gheorghe, M.A. Husanu, G.A. Lungu, D. Macovei, I. Pintilie, D.G. Popescu, C.M. Teodorescu, J. Mater. Sci. 47, 7225 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Å. Fäldt, H.P. Myers, Phys. Rev. B 33, 1424 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  74. J. Onsgaard, J. Ghijsen, R.L. Johnson, M. Christiansen, F. Ørskov, P.J. Godowski, Phys. Rev. B 43, 4216 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. W. Niemann, W. Malzfeldt, P. Rabe, R. Haensel, M. Lübcke, Phys. Rev. B 35, 1099 (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  76. M. Kildemo, U. Grossner, M. Juel, B. Samuelsen, B.G. Svensson, S. Raaen, J. Appl. Phys. 99, 013703 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. N.G. Apostol, L.E. Stoflea, G.A. Lungu, L.C. Tanase, C. Chirila, L. Frunza, L. Pintilie, C.M. Teodorescu, Thin Solid Films 545, 13 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. S. Labroo, N. Ali, J. Appl. Phys. 67, 4811 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. C. Teodorescu, F. Chevrier, V. Ilakovac, O. Heckmann, L. Lechevalier, R. Brochier, R.L. Johnson, K. Hricovini, Appl. Surf. Sci. 166, 137 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  80. C.M. Teodorescu, F. Chevrier, R. Brochier, C. Richter, O. Heckmann, V. Ilakovac, P. De Padova, K. Hricovini, Surf. Sci. 482–485, 1004 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. C.M. Teodorescu, D. Luca, Surf. Sci. 600, 4200 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. P. De Padova, C. Quaresima, P. Perfetti, R. Larciprete, R. Brochier, C. Richter, V. Ilakovac, P. Bencok, C. Teodorescu, V.Y. Aristov, R.L. Johnson, K. Hricovini, Surf. Sci. 482–485, 587 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Y.B. Xu, E.T.M. Kernohan, M. Tselepi, J.A.C. Bland, S. Holmes, Appl. Phys. Lett. 73, 399 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Y.B. Xu, M. Tselepi, C.M. Guertler, C.A.F. Vaz, G. Wastlbauer, J.A.C. Bland, E. Dudzik, G. van der Laan, J. Appl. Phys. 89, 7156 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Y.B. Xu, M. Tselepi, E. Dudzik, C.M. Guertler, C.A.F. Vaz, G. Wastlbauer, D.J. Freeland, J.A.C. Bland, G. van der Laan, J. Magn. Magn. Mat. 226–230, 1643 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. G. van der Laan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 640 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. M. Tischer, O. Hjortstam, D. Arvanitis, J. Hunter, Dunn, F. May, K. Baberschke, J. Trygg, J.M. Wills, B. Johansson and O. Eriksson. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 1602 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. O. Eriksson, L. Nordström, A. Pohl, L. Severin, A.M. Boring, B. Johansson, Phys. Rev. B 41, 11807 (1990)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. S.S. Dhesi, G. van der Laan, E. Dudzik, A.B. Shick, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 067201 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. K.W. Edmonds, C. Binns, S.H. Baker, S.C. Thornton, C. Norris, J.B. Goedkoop, M. Finazzi, N.B. Brookes, Phys. Rev. B 60, 472 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. C. Ortiz, G. Dumpich, A.H. Morrish, Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2737 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  92. G.A. Prinz, Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1051 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Y.U. Idzerda, D.M. Lind, D.A. Papaconstantopoulos, G.A. Prinz, B.T. Jonker, J.J. Krebs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 61, 1222 (1988)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. C.M. Teodorescu, J. Chrost, H. Ascolani, J. Avila, F. Soria, M.C. Asensio, Surf. Rev. Lett. 5, 279 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. C.M. Teodorescu, M.G. Martin, N. Franco, H. Ascolani, J. Chrost, J. Avila, M.C. Asensio, J. El, Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom. 101–103, 493 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. M. Izquierdo, M.E. Davila, C.M. Teodorescu, J. Chrost, H. Ascolani, J. Avila, M.C. Asensio, Appl. Surf. Science 234, 468 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. M. Izquierdo, M.E. Dávila, J. Avila, H. Ascolani, C.M. Teodorescu, M.G. Martin, N. Franco, J. Chrost, A. Arranz, M.C. Asensio, Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 187601 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Materials Physics, 077125, Bucharest, Magurele, Romania

    N. G. Apostol & C. M. Teodorescu

Authors
  1. N. G. Apostol
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. C. M. Teodorescu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. G. Apostol .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Magnetism and Superconductivity, National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele, Romania

    Victor Kuncser

  2. Magnetism and Superconductivity, National Institute of Materials Physics, Magurele, Romania

    Lucica Miu

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Apostol, N.G., Teodorescu, C.M. (2014). Surface Reactivity and Magnetism at Metal-Semiconductor Interfaces. In: Kuncser, V., Miu, L. (eds) Size Effects in Nanostructures. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 205. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44479-5_8

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation