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Flüssigkeitsbedarf des sehr kleinen Frühgeborenen

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Workshop für Neonatologen

Zusammenfassung

Mit der Geburt wird der Fetus aus der Amnionflüssigkeit in das postnatale Leben in relativ trockener und kalter Luft befördert. Jetzt setzt der unsichtbare Wasserverlust ein. Ausgeschiedener Urin geht dem Kind verloren, Flüssigkeitsschwankungen werden nicht mehr über die Plazenta ausgeglichen. Dies trifft kleine Frühgeborene mehr als reife Neugeborene, da sie der neuen Umwelt völlig unvorbereitet ausgeliefert werden: Ihre Oberfläche ist relativ groß, die Haut dünn, so daß die Flüssigkeitsverluste hoch und im Einzelfall schwer abzuschätzen sind. Frühgeborene können noch schlechter als reife Neugeborene ein Überangebot oder ein mangelhaftes Angebot an Flüssigkeit kompensieren. Störungen der Flüssigkeits-Homöostase gehören daher zu den wesentlichen Problemen in der Betreuung kleiner Frühgeborener. Die klinische Betreuung dieser Störungen liegt darin, daß sie zu gefährlichen Komplikationen (intracranielle Blutung, Herzversagen, persistierender Ductus arteriosus, Schock, Nierenversagen, bronchopulmonale Dysplasie) führen oder beitragen können. Die Kenntnis der Faktoren, welche die Wasserbilanz beeinflussen, ist daher für den Neonatologen, der kleine Frühgeborene betreut, außerordentlich wichtig.

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Authors
  1. Hans T. Versmold
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  2. Otwin Linderkamp
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Abteilung für Neonatologie, Universitätsspital, Frauenklinikstraße 10, CH-8091, Zürich, Schweiz

    G. Duc

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© 1984 Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden

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Versmold, H.T., Linderkamp, O. (1984). Flüssigkeitsbedarf des sehr kleinen Frühgeborenen. In: Duc, G. (eds) Workshop für Neonatologen. Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01934-3_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-01934-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Vieweg+Teubner Verlag, Wiesbaden

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-663-01935-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-663-01934-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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