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The Neuroprotective Effects of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in a Mouse Model of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

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Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research

Part of the book series: Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum ((NEUROCHIRURGICA,volume 111))

Abstract

The CNS inflammatory reaction occurring after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) involves the upregulation of numerous cytokines and prostaglandins. Cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition is a well-established pharmacological anti-inflammatory agent. Previous studies have shown marked increases in COX-2 expression in neurons, astrocytes, microglia, and endothelial cells following brain injury. COX-2 inhibition has been shown to be beneficial following various types of brain injury. This experiment investigates the role of COX-2 activity in early brain injury following SAH. CD-1 mice were subjected to an endovascular perforation model of SAH or SHAM surgery. Following experimental SAH animals were treated with the specific COX-2 inhibitor, NS398, in dosages of either 10 or 30 mg/kg. Neurological performance and brain edema were evaluated 24 and 72 h after SAH. NS398 at 30 mg/kg significantly reduced SAH-induced neurological deterioration. NS 398 at 30 mg/kg resulted in a trend toward the reduction of SAH-induced cerebral edema. Treatment had no effect on mortality. This experiment provides preliminary evidence that COX-2 inhibition is an effective pharmacological intervention for the prevention of brain edema and the preservation of neurological function following SAH.

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Acknowledgements

This study was partially supported by grants from NIH to JHZ.

Conflict of interest statement We declare that we have no conflict of interest.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    R. Ayer & John H. Zhang

  2. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    V. Jadhav, T. Sugawara & John H. Zhang

  3. Department of Anesthesiology, Loma Linda University Medical Center, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    John H. Zhang

  4. Department of Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 11234 Anderson Street, Room 2562B, Loma Linda, CA, USA

    John H. Zhang

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  1. R. Ayer
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  2. V. Jadhav
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  3. T. Sugawara
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  4. John H. Zhang
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to John H. Zhang .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Neurosurgery, Physiology, Loma Linda University, Campus Street 11041, Loma Linda, 92530, USA

    John Zhang

  2. School of Medicine, Dept. Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University, Anderson St. 11234, Loma Linda, 92354, California, USA

    Austin Colohan

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Ayer, R., Jadhav, V., Sugawara, T., Zhang, J.H. (2011). The Neuroprotective Effects of Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in a Mouse Model of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. In: Zhang, J., Colohan, A. (eds) Intracerebral Hemorrhage Research. Acta Neurochirurgica Supplementum, vol 111. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0693-8_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-0693-8_24

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Vienna

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7091-0692-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-7091-0693-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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