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Interplay Among Bacterial Resistance, Biofilm Formation and Oxidative Stress for Nosocomial Infections

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Free Radicals in Human Health and Disease

Abstract

Nosocomial infections are leading threat as 5–10 % of hospitalised patients ensue to approximately 90,000 deaths per year. Implanted medical devices and procedures accrue to higher rates of infection and add to considerable socio-economic burden. The problem gets compounded by the increased risk of biofilm formation on indwelling medical devices. Bacteria within biofilm are much more resistant to antibiotic treatment as compared to planktonic cultures. Surface adhesion molecules keep the bacteria tethered to the surface and molecular changes within bacteria and its complex structure contribute towards development of resistance. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are the last product of various metabolic pathways of bacterial cells which help the bacteria in the development of biofilm and antibiotic resistance. Certain bactericidal drugs have shown bacterial killing by internal production of ROS. Bacteria mediate SOS repair response to ROS which can introduce mutations in their genome leading to development of resistance. Thus, ROS plays an important role in the generation of resistance in bacterial biofilm towards antibiotics.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, 201307, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Reema Gabrani, Garima Sharma, Shweta Dang & Sanjay Gupta

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  1. Reema Gabrani
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  2. Garima Sharma
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  3. Shweta Dang
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  4. Sanjay Gupta
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Correspondence to Reema Gabrani .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Vibha Rani

  2. School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Umesh Chand Singh Yadav

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Gabrani, R., Sharma, G., Dang, S., Gupta, S. (2015). Interplay Among Bacterial Resistance, Biofilm Formation and Oxidative Stress for Nosocomial Infections. In: Rani, V., Yadav, U. (eds) Free Radicals in Human Health and Disease. Springer, New Delhi. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2035-0_23

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