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Water Balance and the Regulation of Stomatal Movements

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Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants

Summary

Stomata form a crucial interface between plants and the atmosphere and are essential to the control of water balance in plants. Prolonged soil dehydration or a drop in atmospheric relative humidity lead to a decrease in biomass production, plant water loss and eventually death. For plants to survive, it is essential that stomata close in response to drought conditions. The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) has been shown to play a central role in this process. The first part of this chapter reviews the mechanisms by which drought is translated into signals that lead to stomatal closure, and especially the building up of bioactive ABA concentrations in and around guard cells. The second part introduces the biophysical and metabolic mechanisms used by guard cells to control stomatal aperture. Furthermore, we illustrate how these mechanisms are the target of a signal transduction network integrating drought with other environmental signals. Finally, the third part briefly proposes that stomata represent a putative target to engineer desiccation avoidance in plants.

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Abbreviations

AAO:

ascorbate oxidase

ABA:

abscisic acid

ABC:

ATP-binding cassette transporters

ABI:

ABA insensitive

AHG:

ABA hypersensitive germination

AtBG:

Arabidopsis thalliana β-glucosidase

AtKC:

Arabidopsis thaliana K+ rectifying channel

cADPR:

cyclic ADP-ribose

CDPK:

calcium dependent protein kinase

FV:

fast vacuolar

GCR2:

G-protein coupled receptor

GORK:

guard cell outward rectifying K+ channel

GPA:

G protein alpha subunit

GTG:

GPCR type G protein

HAB1:

homologue to ABI1 protein phosphatase

HIC:

high carbon dioxide signaling pathway

IP:

phosphoinositides

KAT:

ketoacyl-coenzyme A thiolase

MPK:

mitosis associated protein kinase

NCED:

9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase enzymes

PEPC:

phospho enol pyruvate carboxylase

PLC:

phospholipase C

PLD:

phospholipase D

PP2C:

protein phosphatases type 2C

RNAi:

RNA interference

RPK:

receptor-like protein kinase

R-type channels:

rapid-type anion channels

S-type channels:

slow-type anion channels

SV:

slow vacuolar

TPC:

two pore channel

VK:

K+-selective vacuolar

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Acknowledgements

Research in the author’s laboratories was supported by the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CB and ST), a PhD fellowship from the Ministère de la Recherche et des Nouvelles Technologies to CB and National Institutes of Health (R01GM060396), National Science Foundation (MCB 0417118-0918220) and Department of Energy (DE-FG02-03ER15449) grants to J.I.S.

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  1. Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

    Christophe Belin & Sébastien Thomine

  2. Division of Biological Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology Section, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0116, USA

    Julian I. Schroeder

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  1. Christophe Belin
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Correspondence to Julian I. Schroeder .

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  1. School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India

    Ashwani Pareek

  2. School of Life Science, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110067, India

    S.K. Sopory

  3. Dept. Plant Biology, University of Illinois, W. Gregory Drive 1201, Urbana, 61801, U.S.A.

    Hans J. Bohnert

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Belin, C., Thomine, S., Schroeder, J.I. (2009). Water Balance and the Regulation of Stomatal Movements. In: Pareek, A., Sopory, S., Bohnert, H. (eds) Abiotic Stress Adaptation in Plants. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3112-9_14

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