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Drought Stress Effect on Crop Pollination, Seed Set, Yield and Quality

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Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation

Part of the book series: Sustainable Agriculture Reviews ((SARV,volume 6))

Abstract

The effect of drought stress on crop growth and yield has become more common worldwide in the last two decades. The reproductive stage is the most critical stage for drought stress during crop growth, because it strongly impacts yield and seed quality. Improving crop growth and yield under drought is thus a major goal of plant breeding. Drought stress negatively affects flower pollination by decreasing the amount of viable pollen grain, increasing the unattractiveness of flowers to pollinators, and decreasing the amount of nectar produced by flowers. Consequently crop seed set is lowered. Moreover, drought stress affects crop yield by reducing grain yield and all yield components. The correlation is clear between crop pollination, seed set and yield. Drought stress not only affects seed production, but also affects seed quality such as germination and vigor tests. In this chapter we review the currently available information on pollination, yield, and yield components and seed quality under drought. We give an outlook towards the physiological and biochemical processes involved in the reduction of crop yield in response to drought stress at the reproductive stage. We focus on physiological processes of plant reproductive organs in response to drought stress at anthesis and the attractiveness of the flowers to pollinators. Here we help plant breeders to select drought tolerant traits by understanding the correlations between pollination, yield, yield components and seed quality under drought stress at reproductive stage and to explain how drought stress effects final yield and seed quality during this stage.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Crop Production, Jordan University of Science and Technology, 3030, 22110, Irbid, Jordan

    Ahmad M. Alqudah & Nezar H. Samarah

  2. Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 50010, USA

    Russell E. Mullen

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  1. Ahmad M. Alqudah
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  2. Nezar H. Samarah
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  3. Russell E. Mullen
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Correspondence to Ahmad M. Alqudah .

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Alqudah, A.M., Samarah, N.H., Mullen, R.E. (2011). Drought Stress Effect on Crop Pollination, Seed Set, Yield and Quality. In: Lichtfouse, E. (eds) Alternative Farming Systems, Biotechnology, Drought Stress and Ecological Fertilisation. Sustainable Agriculture Reviews, vol 6. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0186-1_6

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