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Harboring of NOS to the Cell Membrane

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The Biology of Subcellular Nitric Oxide

Abstract

The cell membrane establishes the physical barrier of the cell and separates the inner cell volume from the extracellular environment. This single phospholipid bilayer harbors membrane proteins, which serve a plethora of membrane functions and are essential for the life of a cell: transport mechanisms, signal transduction, cell adhesion, organization of the cytoskeleton, regulation of cell volume, and determination of the landscape of the cell surface. Cell membranes are major sites of NO synthesis in various cell types: the sarcolemma of skeletal muscle fibers (Cell 82:743–752, 1995; Physiol Rev 81:209–237, 2001; Ann Neurol 53:512–520, 2003) and cardiomyocytes(Handb Clin Neurol 101:135–142, 2011), the specialized membrane rafts of endothelial cells (Pflugers Arch 459:817–827, 2010; Pflugers Arch 459:793–806, 2010; Pflugers Arch 459:807–816, 2010), and membranes of the postsynaptic densities (Exp Neurol 148:34–44, 1997) all bind distinct NOS isoforms.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Various cells of the testis express eNOS, iNOS and nNOS, and one testis-specific truncated nNOS (TnNOS). To date only eNOS and iNOS have been implicated in the control of tight junction regulation.

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  1. Spanish National Cardiovascular Research Center, Melchor Fernandez Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain

    Tamás Rőszer

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Rőszer, T. (2012). Harboring of NOS to the Cell Membrane. In: The Biology of Subcellular Nitric Oxide. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-2819-6_6

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