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MHC polymorphism and parasites

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Infection, Polymorphism and Evolution

Summary

The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) polymorphism is marked by the existence of allelic lineages that are extremely old, having been passed from one species to another in an evolutionary line of descent. Each species has several of these lineages and many of their more recent derivatives, the actual alleles. The lineages are separated by large genetic distances and are characterized by the presence of short sequence motifs which, at the protein level, have remained virtually unaltered for over 40 million years. Several explanations for the MHC polymorphism have been proposed. We argue that the only one consistent with the entire body of knowledge about the MHC is an explanation based on the immune response to parasites. Furthermore, we propose that parasites coevolving with their hosts have had a major influence on MHC polymorphism, whereas parasites that switched hosts recently and became very virulent have had little effect. The latter category includes micro- and macroparasites responsible for the major human infectious diseases. This hypothesis explains why no convincing association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and resistance to infectious disease can thus far be documented, and indicates the direction in which the search for such associations should be taken.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Max-Planck-Institut für Biologie, Abteilung Immungenetik, Corrensstr. 42, D-72076, Tübingen, Germany

    Jan Klein & Colm O’huigin

  2. Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, 33136, USA

    Jan Klein

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  1. Jan Klein
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  2. Colm O’huigin
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK

    W. D. Hamilton

  2. Institute of Genetics, University of Cologne, Zuelpicher Strasse, D-50674, Cologne, Germany

    J. C. Howard

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© 1997 The Royal Society

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Klein, J., O’huigin, C. (1997). MHC polymorphism and parasites. In: Hamilton, W.D., Howard, J.C. (eds) Infection, Polymorphism and Evolution. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0077-6_9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0077-6_9

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6523-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-0077-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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