Abstract
The enormous progress in gene sequencing achieved during recent years has made possible the deduction of protein sequences from cDNA. These studies have developed so fast that the actual isolation of gastroentero pancreatic hormones from vertebrate animals was left far behind the appearance of the deduced primary structures of their hormonal precursors. Interestingly, fish have served as model animals for this research almost as often as mammals (Hobard et al, 1980a, b; Sorokin et al., 1982; Lund et al., 1983a,b; Heinrich et al, 1984), probably because the endocrine pancreas in many fish species is represented by the so-called Brockmann body, consisting predominantly of endocrine (islet) cells (Falkmer, 1985a; Epple, 1987). This unique structure has facilitated the isolation of mRNA. The progress made possible by employing cDNA probes to predict sequences of the hormonal precursors, though fascinating, does not give the physiologist a definitive idea of which biologically active peptide will appear in a particular animal species after post-translational processing in the islet cells (Andrews and Dixon, 1987). For example, we already know that pancreatic peptides in different fish are subjected to such post-translational modifications as glycosylation, proteolytic processing, hydroxylation and disulphide bond formation (Noe and Spiess, 1983; Andrews and Ronner, 1984; Steiner et al., 1984; Noe and Andrews, 1986; Andrews and Dixon, 1987; Chapter 14).
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Note added in proof: Publications closely related to the topic of this chapter, published in 1988:
Andrews, P.C., Pollock, H.G., Elliott, W.M., Youson, J.H. and Plisetskaya, E.M. (1988) Isolation and characterization of a variant somatostatin-14 and two related somatostatins of 34 and 37 residues from lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)J. Biol. Chem. 263, 15809–14.
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Plisetskaya, E.M. (1989). Pancreatic peptides. In: Holmgren, S. (eds) The Comparative Physiology of Regulatory Peptides. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0835-2_8
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