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Micropropagation of Pistachio

  • Chapter
Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 75))

Abstract

Pistachio (Pistacia vera L., family Anacardiaceae) is the only edible crop of 11 species in the genus Pistacia (Zohary 1952; Özbek & Ayfer 1958; Crane 1984). The Pistachio tree is native to western Asia and Asia Minor, from Syria to the Caucasus and Afghanistan (Zohary 1952; Whitehouse 1957). Archaeological evidence in Turkey indicates that nuts were being used for food as early as 7,000 B.C. The tree was introduced into Europe at the beginning of the Christian era (Moldenke & Alma 1952). Subsequently its cultivation spread to other Mediterranean countries at approximately the beginning of the Christian era (Crane & Iwakiri 1981). The tree was first introduced into the United States in 1854 by Charles Mason, who distributed seed for experimental plantings in California (Lemaister 1959). Under favourable conditions the tree grows slowly to a height and spread of 5 to 9 metres, with one or several trunks. A strong apical dominance has also been reported to characterise developmental patterns of vegetative and floral Pistachio organs (Crane & Iwakiri 1985). Shoot extension begins late in March and terminates at the end of April to the middle of May (Crane 1984). Most of the axillary buds differentiate inflorescence buds during April and grown to their ultimate size for the season by late June (Takeda et al. 1979).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Dicle, Diyarbakir, 21280, Turkey

    Ahmet Onay

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  1. Ahmet Onay
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  1. FAO/IAEA Joint Division, International Atomic Agency, Vienna, Austria

    S. Mohan Jain

  2. Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Tsukuba, Japan

    Katsuaki Ishii

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Onay, A. (2003). Micropropagation of Pistachio. In: Jain, S.M., Ishii, K. (eds) Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits. Forestry Sciences, vol 75. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0125-0_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0125-0_19

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-3964-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0125-0

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