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Petrogenetic evaluation of trace element discrimination diagrams

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Basement Tectonics 8

Part of the book series: Proceedings of the International Conferences on Basement Tectonics ((ICBT,volume 2))

Abstract

Diagrams of trace element proportions in igneous rocks are commonly used in interpreting tectonic environments of magma generation. The reliability of these tectonic discrimination diagrams is discussed for basaltic and granitic rocks.

Discrimination diagrams are reliable if five criteria are satisfied: (1) if analytical uncertainty is small compared to the size of the discriminant fields; (2) if post-crystallization element mobility is negligible; (3) if tectonic environments represented in data used to construct discrimination diagrams are appropriate analogues of environments to be identified; (4) if petrogenetic processes are primarily related to specific tectonic environments; and (5) if magma source compositions are primarily related to specific tectonic environments. The first two criteria are usually satisfied, but the last three may be suspect.

Trace element distributions calculated from petrogenetic models appropriate to mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB), volcanic arc basalts (VAB), and within-plate basalts (WPB) are plotted on discrimination diagrams and compared with discriminant fields. Model results are sensitive to source compositions, source mineralogy, distribution coefficients, and degree of partial melting. Natural variations in these parameters probably extend the spread of natural compositions beyond those calculated in models and lead to more extensive overlap. For continental WPB and granitic rocks, particularly, inheritance of apparent tectonic characteristics from source compositions is likely and may lead to misclassifications. Thus geochemical data alone are usually inadequate for reliable tectonic classifications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0E8, Canada

    Francis Ö. Dudás

  2. Department of Geological Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, 23529-0496, USA

    Francis Ö. Dudás

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  1. Earth Sciences and Resources Institute, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA

    Mervin J. Bartholomew

  2. Department of Geology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA

    Donald W. Hyndman

  3. Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA

    David W. Mogk

  4. Department of Geological Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada

    Robert Mason

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Dudás, F.Ö. (1992). Petrogenetic evaluation of trace element discrimination diagrams. In: Bartholomew, M.J., Hyndman, D.W., Mogk, D.W., Mason, R. (eds) Basement Tectonics 8. Proceedings of the International Conferences on Basement Tectonics, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1614-5_8

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