Skip to main content

Land Tenure Frontiers and Food Security among Maasai Pastoralists in Kenya

  • Chapter
The Arid Frontier

Part of the book series: The GeoJournal Library ((GEJL,volume 41))

Abstract

The number of undernourished people in Africa has increased by 46% since 1970, reaching 175 million in 1995 (IFPRI, 1995). Most of the food production gains in Africa during the last decades resulted from an extension of the agricultural frontier into drier regions (Platteau, 1988). However, at present this arid frontier can only be moved marginally, while it has already reached its sustainable limit in some countries. What can be done to cover the difference between food needs and production in Sub-saharan Africa aside from importing food? The IFPRI 2020 vision report mentions a whole range of actions including enhancing natural resource management by securing and reforming property rights (IFPRI, 1995:49).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ã…rhem, K. (1989) Maasai food symbolism. The cultural connotations of milk, meat and blood in the pastoral Maasai diet. Anthropos 84:1–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Behnke, R.H. (1994) Natural Resource Management in Pastoral Africa. Overseas Development Institute (ODI), International Institute for Environment and Development, Common Wealth Secretariat, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bekure, S., P.N. de Leeuw, B.E. Grandin, and P.J.H. Neate (1991) Maasai herding. An analysis of the livestock production system of Maasai pastoralists in eastern Kajiado District, Kenya International Livestock Centre for Africa, ILCA Systems Study 4, Addis Abeba.

    Google Scholar 

  • Besteman, C. (1994) Individualisation and the assault on customary tenure in Africa: Title registration programs and the case of Somalia.Africa 64(4):484–515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brouwer, I.D. (1994) Food and fuel: A hidden dimension in human nutrition. A study on the relationship between nutrition security and fuelwood availability in Ntcheu District, Malawi. Ph.D. thesis, Wageningen Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietz, A. (1991) Crisis survival strategies: A summary of concepts and an example from the semipastoral Pokot in Kenya/Uganda. In J.C. Stone (ed.) Pastoral Economies in Africa and Long Term Responses to Drought. Aberdeen University African Studies Group, pp. 86–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dietz, A. and M.M.E.M. Rutten (eds.) (1989) The future of Maasai pastoralists in Kajiado District, Kenya. Integrated proceedings of a conference in Brackenhurst Conference Centre, Limuru, May 28–31,1989, ASAL Kajiado.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dufour, J. (1971) The problem of collectively owned land in Tunesia. FAO Land Reform, Land Settlement and Cooperatives 2:38–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eicher, C. (1984) Facing Up to Africa’s Food Crisis. In C. Eicher and J.M. Staatz (eds.) Agricultural Development in the Third World. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore and London, pp. 453–479.

    Google Scholar 

  • Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization (1992) Improving household food security. Major issues for nutrition strategies, Theme paper no. 1. International Conference on Nutrition, FAO, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frankenberger, T., A. Pena-Montenegro, S. Tilakaratna, N. Velarde, and W.B. Eide (1993) Rural poverty alleviation and nutrition: IFAD’s evolving experiences. International Fund for Agricultural Development, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gower, R.H. (1948) The effect of a change of diet on Masai schoolboys. Tanganyika Notes and Records No. 26:77–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesseling, G. (1994) Legal and institutional conditions for local management of natural resources: Mali. In R.J. Bakema (ed.) Land Tenure and Sustainable Land Use. Royal Tropical Institute, Bulletin 332, Amsterdam, pp. 30–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Homewood, K.M. (1992) Development and the ecology of Maasai food and nutrition. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 29:61–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • IFPRI (1995) A 2020 vision for food, agriculture and the environment—The vision, challenge, and recommended Action. International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • KDAR (several years) Kajiado District Annual Report. Kenya National Archives.

    Google Scholar 

  • KLC (1934) Kenya Land Commission: Evidence and Memoranda. Government Printer, Nairobi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawren, W.L. (1968) Masai and Kikuyu: An historical analysis of culture transmission. Journal of African History 9:571–583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Maxwell (1995) Land access, tenure security, resource conservation, and food security, unpublished paper. Land Tenure Center, Wisconsin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mwangi, M. and M.M.E.M. Rutten (1995) Water Development in Maasailand: Participating without Participants. Manuscript, Nijmegen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nestel, P.S. (1989) Food intake and growth among the Maasai. Ecology of Food and Nutrition 23:17–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Platteau, J.-P. (1988) The food crisis in Africa: A comparative structural analysis. World Institute for Development Economics Research of the United Nations University, Working Paper 44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Platteau, J.-P. (1992) Land reform and structural adjustment in sub-Saharan Africa: controversies and guidelines. FAO Economic and Social Development Paper 107, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M. (1992) Selling Wealth to Buy Poverty—The Process of the Individualization of Landownership Among the Maasai Pastoralists of Kajiado District, Kenya, 1890-1990. Ph.D. thesis, University of Nijmegen, Verlag Breitenbach Publishers, Saarbrücken and Fort Lauderdale.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M. (1995a) The tragedy of individualizing the commons, paper presented at the IASCP Fifth Common Property Conference‘Reinventing the Commons’ 24-28 May 1995 Bodf, Norway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M. (1995b) Environmental problems in semi-arid southern Kenya—Blaming the wrong people, paper presented at the ‘Regional Workshop on Public Interest Environmental Law and Community-Based Legal Incentives for Sustainable Natural Resources Management in East Africa’ August 23-26,1995, Jinja, Uganda, World Resources Institute, Washington DC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M. (1995c) The Maasai Concept of Drought. Kajiado Focus 8:1–3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M. and T. Tonkei (1995) Maasai intra household food allocation. Unpublished working paper no. 2 Netherlands-Israel Research Programme, African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rutten, M.M.E.M., D. Kitasho, Th. Kasaine, and W. Saruni (1996) Maasai and food relief. Unpublished working paper no. 3 Netherlands-Israel Research Programme, African Studies Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.

    Google Scholar 

  • Salih, S.A. (1994) Food Security in East and Southern Africa. Nordic Journal of African Studies 3:3–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, S. and H.J. Schwartz (1985) Nomadic pastoralism in Kenya—still a viable production system? Quarterly Journal of International Agriculture 24:5–21.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sigot, A. (1995) Discourse on gender and natural resource management. In A. Sigot, L.A. Thrupp and J. Green (eds.) Towards Common Ground—Gender and Natural Resource Management in Africa. ACTS Press, Nairobi & World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C., pp. 1–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thrupp, L.A. and J. Green (1995) Reflections on gender in natural resource management. In A. Sigot, L.A. Thrupp and J. Green (eds.) Towards Common Ground—Gender and Natural Resource Management in Africa. ACTS Press, Nairobi & World Resources Institute, Washington, D.C, pp. 103–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • WCARRD (1988) The impact of development strategies on the rural poor. World Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development, 1979-1989,10 years of follow up, FAO, Rome.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaal, F. and A. Dietz (1995) Of markets, meat, maize and milk—Pastoral commoditization as a necessary but risky livelihood strategy. Paper for the Workshop ‘The Poverties and Prosperities of East African Pastoralism, Uppsala Sweden, September 15–17, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Rutten, M.M.E.M. (1998). Land Tenure Frontiers and Food Security among Maasai Pastoralists in Kenya. In: Bruins, H.J., Lithwick, H. (eds) The Arid Frontier. The GeoJournal Library, vol 41. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4888-7_10

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4888-7_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6049-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4888-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics