Abstract
Root uptake by plants is one of the most important processes by which heavy metals may enter the food chain. Under natural conditions, soils generally contain very low levels of heavy metals, including Cu and Pb. Certain soil parent materials, such as the sedimentary, sulphide-bearing shales may, however, contain indigenously high levels of Cu and Pb. Soils developed on such materials often contain higher amounts of these metals than soils developed on other materials. In addition to high levels of metals occurring naturally, considerable amounts of metals can also be introduced into soils via anthropogenic pathways, such as municipal sewage sludge application (Dudka and Chlopecka, 1990) and the application of commercial fertilizers, especially phosphatic fertilizers (Singh et al, 1988). Trace metals also enrich the soil through atmospheric deposition (Jones, 1990). The Sudbury area in Canada and Lower Silesia in Poland are examples of areas polluted by Cu mining, while Upper Silesia, Poland, is polluted by Pb mining (Gzyl, 1990; Roszyk and Szerszen, 1988; Rutherford and Bray, 1979).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adriano D C 1986 Trace Elements in the Terrestrial Environment. Springer-Verlag, New York. 517 p.
Calvet R, Bourgeois S and Msaky J J 1990 Some experiments on extraction of heavy metals present in soil. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 39, 31–45.
Chlopecka A 1993 Forms of trace metals from inorganic sources in soils and amounts found in spring barley. Water Air Soil Pollut. 69, 127–134.
Chaney R L 1988 Metal speciation and interaction among elements affect trace element transfers in agricultural and environmental food-chains. In Metal Speciation: Theory, Analysis and Application. Eds J R Kramer and H E Allen, pp 219–260. Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, MI.
Davis R D and Carlton-Smith C 1980 Crops as Indicators of the Significance of Contamination of Soil by Heavy Metals. Technical Report TR 140, Stevenage Laboratory Water Research Center, Stevenage, 44 p.
Dudka S and Chlopecka A 1990 Effect of solid phase speciation on metal mobility and phytoavailability in sludge-amended soil. Water Air Soil Pollut. 51, 153–160.
Emmerich W E, Lund L J, Page A L and Chang A C 1982 Solid phase forms of heavy metals in sewage sludge-treated soils. J. Environ. Qual. 11, 178–181.
El-Kherbawy M I and Sanders J R 1984 Effect of pH and phosphate status of a silty clay loam on manganese, zinc, and copper concentrations in soil fractions and in clover. J. Sci. Food Agric. 35, 733–739.
Gupta S K and Chen K Y 1975 Partitioning of trace metals in selective chemical fractions of near shore sediments. Environ. Lett. 10, 129–158.
Gzyl J 1990 Lead and cadmium contamination of soils and vegetables in the Upper Silesia region of Poland. Sci. Total Environ. 96, 199–209. Agric. Scand., Sect. B. 42, 88–93.
Jones K C 1990 Atmospheric deposition as a source of heavy metals and organic contaminants to agroecosystemls. In Contaminated Soil’ 90. Eds F Arendt, M Hinsenveld and W J van den Brink. pp 189–196. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
Kuo S, Heilman P E and Baker A S 1983 Distribution and forms of copper, zinc, cadmium, iron, and manganese in soils near a copper smelter. Soil Sci. 135, 101–109.
McLaren R G and Crawford D V 1973 Studies on soil copper. I. The fractionation of copper in soils. J. Soil Sci. 24, 172–181.
Miller W P, McFee W W and Kelly J M 1983 Mobility and retention of heavy metals in sandy soils. J. Environ. Qual. 12, 579–584.
Pruszynski R and Wozny A 1985 The reaction of lupin roots on the presence of lead in the medium. Biochem. Physiol. Pflanzen. 180, 309–318.
Ramos L, Hernandez L M and Gonzalez M J 1994 Sequential fractionation of copper, lead, cadmium and zinc in soils from near Donana National Park. J. Environ. Qual. 23, 50–57.
Roszyk E and Szerszen L 1988 Accumulation of heavy metals in the arable layer of soils of the sanitary protection zone in the vicinity of copper metallurgic plants. Part I. ‘Legnica’. Rocz. glebozn 4, 135–146 (in Polish).
Rutherford G K and Bray C R 1979 Extent and distribution of soil heavy metal contamination near a nickel smelter at Coniston, Ontario. J. Environ. Qual. 8, 219–222.
Sanders J R, Adams T M and Christensen B T 1986 Extractability and bioavailability of zinc, nickel, cadmium and copper in three Danish soils sampled 5 years after application of sewage sludge. J. Sci. Food Agric. 37, 1155–1164.
Singh J P, Karwasra P S and Singh M 1988 Distribution and forms of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc in calcareous soils of India. Soil Sci. 148, 359–366.
Shuman L M 1985 Fractionation method for soil microelements. Soil Sci. 140, 11–12.
Shuman L M 1991 Chemical Forms of Micronutrients in Soils. In Micronutrients in Agriculture. 2nd ed. Eds J J Mortvedt, F R Cox, L M Shuman and R M Welch, pp 113–144. SSSA Books Series, Madison, WI.
Silviera D J and Sommers L E 1977 Extractability of copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead in soils incubated with sewage sludge. J. Environ. Qual. 6, 47–52.
Sims J T 1986 Soil pH effects on the distribution and plant availability of manganese, copper, and zinc. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 50, 367–373.
Spevackova V and Kucera J 1989 Trace element speciation in contaminated soils studied by atomic absorption spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 35, 241–251.
Sposito G, Lund L J and Chang A C 1982 Trace metal chemistry in arid-zone field soils amended with sewage sludge: I. Fractionation of Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in solid phases. Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 46, 260–264.
Takenaga H and Aso S 1975 Studies on the physiological effect of humic acid (part 9). Stability constants of cation-nitrohumic acid chelates. J. Soil Sci. Plant Nutri. 46, 349–354.
Tessier A, Campbell P G C and Bisson M 1979 Sequential extraction procedure for the speciation of particulate trace metals, Anal. Chem. 7, 844–851.
Thornton I and Timothy H J 1984 Sources of lead and associated metals in vegetables grown in British Urban Soils: Uptake from the soil versus air deposition. In Trace Substances in Environmental Health — XVIII. Ed. D D Hemphill, pp 303–310. University of Missouri.
Walsh L M, Erhart W M and Seibel H D 1972 Copper toxicity in snapbeans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). J. Environ. Qual. 1, 197–200.
Xian X 1989 Effect of chemical forms of cadmium, zinc, and lead in polluted soils on their uptake by cabbage plants. Plant Soil 113, 257–264.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chlopecka, A. (1997). Copper and lead species in soil and their uptake by plants when applied as carbonates. In: Rosen, D., Tel-Or, E., Hadar, Y., Chen, Y. (eds) Modern Agriculture and the Environment. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 71. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_38
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5418-5_38
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6279-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5418-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive