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Latino Youth Substance Use in States with Emerging Immigrant Communities

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Drug Use Trajectories Among Minority Youth

Abstract

While immigrants typically arrive in the U.S. in the hope of building a better life for themselves and their families, many encounter circumstances upon their arrival that make reaching such a goal difficult. The process of adapting to a culture that is different from that in the country of origin, or “acculturating,” can be extremely stressful in general, with acculturative stressors varying by the contexts within which immigrants settle. Social structure characteristics of the geographic areas in which Latino families reside impact the nature, complexity, and magnitude of potential contextual stressors, including those related to cultural adaptation (Vega and Gil 1999), which in turn can have unique and profound effects for behavioral outcomes. In states that historically have been centers of Latino settlement, longer residence in the U.S. and greater acculturation have been linked to heightened risks for adolescent substance use initiation and abuse, and other deleterious health outcomes, such as depression (Gil et al. 2000). However, for the past several decades, a substantial number of Latino immigrants have settled outside of these states, and little has been written about the impact of acculturative and other contextual stressors on these new arrivals.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Linguistically isolated households are those in which no person age 14 and older either speaks only English at home or speaks a language other than English at home and also speaks English very well. All members of such a household are considered linguistically isolated, even though children under 14 who speak only English may live there.

  2. 2.

    Low-income working families—families with total family income below 200 % of the federal poverty level that have high or moderate work effort. Family work effort is classified as high if any adult reports at least 1800 h of work in the prior year (approximately equal to 35 h of work a week for 52 weeks a year); as medium if adults average at least 1000 h or the total hours worked is at least 1800 h, but no adult reports 1800 h of work in the prior year; and as low if neither criteria is met (Acs and Nichols 2005).

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Acknowledgement

Support for this project was provided by Grants Nos. R01 DA017937 and R01 DA01965 (Charles R. Martinez, Jr., Principal Investigator) from the National Institute on Drug Abuse, U.S. PHS, and by Grant No. R01 MH054248 (J. Mark Eddy, Principal Investigator) from the National Institute of Mental Health, US PHS.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Educational Methodology, Policy, and Leadership, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA

    Charles R. Martinez & Heather H. McClure Jr.

  2. Center for Equity Promotion, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA

    Charles R. Martinez & Heather H. McClure Jr.

  3. Partners for our Children, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA

    J. Mark Eddy

Authors
  1. Charles R. Martinez
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  2. Heather H. McClure Jr.
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  3. J. Mark Eddy
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Correspondence to Charles R. Martinez .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. The New York Academy of Medicine and the American Association of Geographers, Glenn Dale, Maryland, USA

    Yonette F. Thomas

  2. Health Inequities and Global Health Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

    LeShawndra N. Price

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Martinez, C.R., McClure, H.H., Eddy, J.M. (2016). Latino Youth Substance Use in States with Emerging Immigrant Communities. In: Thomas, Y., Price, L. (eds) Drug Use Trajectories Among Minority Youth. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7491-8_15

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-7491-8_15

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