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Mental Health Programs at Community Level in South Asian Countries: Progress, Problems and Prospects

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Mental Health in South Asia: Ethics, Resources, Programs and Legislation

Part of the book series: International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine ((LIME,volume 58))

Abstract

Community psychiatry, is an important approach to the organisation of mental health care in both economically rich and in low and middle income (LAMI) countries. The development of this community psychiatry movement all over the world, is a part of series of phases of development of mental health care during the last two to three hundred years, starting from setting up special institutions for the care of the persons with mental disorders(asylums), the humane treatment of the ill persons, deinstitutionalisation, recognition of the rights of the ill persons with mental disorders. For the countries of the Region, there is not only the lack of mental health resources, there are additional burden of mental health needs arising from manmade disasters (industrial disasters, conflict, war) and natural disasters(earthquakes, tsunami). There are a number of common challenges in developing mental health care programmes in the SEA Countries, namely, (i) there is a large ‘unmet need’ for mental health care in the community; (ii) there is poor understanding of the psychological distress as requiring medical intervention in the general population; (iii) there is limited acceptance of the modern medical care for mental disorders in the general population ; (iv) there are severe limitations in the availability of mental health services (professionals and facilities) in the public health services; (v) there is poor utilisation of the available services by the ill population and their families; (vi) there are problems in recovery and reintegration of the person with mental illness and (vii) institutionalised mechanisms (policy, legislation, funding etc) for organisation of mental health care are not adequate in most of the countries. The chapter, presents the background of the development of community mental health programmes in the countries of the South Asia; the significant developments in each of the member countries; lessons learnt from the country experiences, the challenges and future directions. A striking aspect of the mental health care initiatives of the countries of the Region, is the community based and community resource based mental health services.

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  1. The Association for the Mentally Challenged, Hosur Road, Bangalore, India

    R. Srinivasa Murthy

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  1. King George's Medical University, Shahmeena Road, Chowk, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Jitendra Kumar Trivedi

  2. King George's Medical University, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Adarsh Tripathi

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Murthy, R. (2015). Mental Health Programs at Community Level in South Asian Countries: Progress, Problems and Prospects. In: Trivedi, J., Tripathi, A. (eds) Mental Health in South Asia: Ethics, Resources, Programs and Legislation. International Library of Ethics, Law, and the New Medicine, vol 58. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9017-8_10

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