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Multiscale and Multimodal Imaging for Connectomics

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Advanced Optical Methods for Brain Imaging

Part of the book series: Progress in Optical Science and Photonics ((POSP,volume 5))

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Abstract

Recent advances in optical imaging tools for mapping the structural and functional connectomes have greatly augmented our understanding of the brains. The brain is a multilayered and multicompartmental organ where the structures possess multiple length scales, ranging from nanometer (single synapses) to centimeter (whole intact organ), and its functions take place at multiple timescales, ranging from sub-milliseconds (synaptic events) to years (behavioral changes). Therefore, neuroscientists need to image neurocircuits not only at nanometric spatial resolution but also in millisecond time frame in large brain volumes to adequately study neuronal functions. An ideal tool for brain imaging should provide high speed, high resolution, and high contrast with deep penetration in large tissue volumes and sufficient molecular specificity. Toward this end, recent progresses in the optical brain imaging technologies have allowed extracting unprecedented insights into brain. In this chapter, we discuss the various imaging modalities aiming for high-throughput brain imaging, as well as the challenges encountered in imaging the connectome.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to acknowledge the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Taiwan, and University Grants Commission (UGC), India, for their support to the biophotonics research projects at NYMU and JBC (UGC Grant No. F.5-376/2014-15/MRP/NERO/2181).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Taipei 112, Taiwan

    Ankur Gogoi & Fu-Jen Kao

  2. Department of Physics, Jagannath Barooah College, Jorhat, 785001, Assam, India

    Ankur Gogoi

  3. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, 8 St. Mary’s St Boston, Boston, MA, 02215, USA

    Gerd Keiser

  4. Department of Life Science, Brain Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan

    Ann-Shyn Chiang

  5. Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan

    Ann-Shyn Chiang

  6. Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan

    Ann-Shyn Chiang

  7. Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan

    Ann-Shyn Chiang

  8. Kavli Institute for Brain and Mind, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093-0126, USA

    Ann-Shyn Chiang

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  1. Ankur Gogoi
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Correspondence to Ankur Gogoi or Fu-Jen Kao .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Fu-Jen Kao

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Gerd Keiser

  3. Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan

    Ankur Gogoi

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Gogoi, A., Keiser, G., Kao, FJ., Chiang, AS. (2019). Multiscale and Multimodal Imaging for Connectomics. In: Kao, FJ., Keiser, G., Gogoi, A. (eds) Advanced Optical Methods for Brain Imaging. Progress in Optical Science and Photonics, vol 5. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-9020-2_1

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