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Multiple Localization by Functional Translational Readthrough

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Proteomics of Peroxisomes

Part of the book series: Subcellular Biochemistry ((SCBI,volume 89))

Abstract

In a compartmentalized cell, correct protein localization is crucial for function of virtually all cellular processes. From the cytoplasm as a starting point, proteins are imported into organelles by specific targeting signals. Many proteins, however, act in more than one cellular compartment. In this chapter, we discuss mechanisms by which proteins can be targeted to multiple organelles with a focus on a novel gene regulatory mechanism, functional translational readthrough, that permits multiple targeting of proteins to the peroxisome and other organelles. In mammals, lactate and malate dehydrogenase are the best-characterized enzymes whose targeting is controlled by functional translational readthrough.

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Abbreviations

AQP4:

Aquaporin 4

cAMP:

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

Drp1:

Dynamin-related protein 1

eRF1:

Eukaryotic release factor 1

EST:

Expressed sequence tag

Fis1:

Mitochondrial fission 1 protein

GAPDH:

Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Gpd1:

Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (in yeast)

KANL:

Lysine—alanine—asparagine—leucine

LDH:

Lactate dehydrogenase

LDHBx:

Readthrough-extended form of the B subunit of LDH

MAS:

Malate-aspartate shuttle

MDH:

Malate dehydrogenase

MDH1x:

Readthrough-extended form of MDH1

Mff:

Mitochondrial fission factor

Mo-MuLV:

Moloney murine leukemia virus

NAD:

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+ and NADH)

ORF:

Open reading frame

PDE2:

Phosphodiesterase 2

PGK:

3-Phosphoglycerate kinase

PTS1:

Peroxisome targeting signal type 1

SCC:

Stop codon context

SKL:

Serine—lysine—leucine

TMV:

Tobacco mosaic virus

UTR:

Untranslated region

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Acknowledgements

We thank Annika Wolf and Noa Lipstein for comments on the manuscript. Work on the functional implications of multiple localization by functional translational readthrough is funded by SFB 1002/TP A10 (S.T.).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Child and Adolescent Health, University Medical Center Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37075, Göttingen, Germany

    Kristina Bersch, Ignacio Lobos Matthei & Sven Thoms

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  1. Kristina Bersch
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  2. Ignacio Lobos Matthei
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  3. Sven Thoms
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Correspondence to Sven Thoms .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain

    Luis A. del Río

  2. Department of Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK

    Michael Schrader

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Bersch, K., Lobos Matthei, I., Thoms, S. (2018). Multiple Localization by Functional Translational Readthrough. In: del Río, L., Schrader, M. (eds) Proteomics of Peroxisomes. Subcellular Biochemistry, vol 89. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2233-4_8

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