Abstract
Deuterium is the basis of deuterated compounds. The studies on deuterium element (atom) and elemental deuterium have nearly a hundred years of history. In the past studies, deuterium atom has played an important role in the development of quantum mechanics. As an isotope of hydrogen, deuterium exhibits a significant isotope effect without any radioactive characteristic, which has attracted considerable attention in scientific communities with an emphasis on the nuclear applications. Historically, the demand of war promoted and developed nuclear weapons, which in turn promoted the rapid development of deuterium research. Until the 1990s, the global trend of dearmation changed the world’s theme from the Cold War to peace and started the era of peaceful economic development. Under these global circumstances, the applied research of deuterium shifted to a large extent in the fields of engineering and natural sciences such as energy, materials, and medicine, and showed a huge potential application.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Harold Clayton Urey, 1893–1981, was an American physical chemist whose pioneering work on isotopes earned him the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1934 for the discovery of deuterium.
- 2.
Frederick Soddy, 1877–1956, was an English radiochemist who explained, with Ernest Rutherford, that radioactivity is due to the transmutation of elements, now known to involve nuclear reactions. He received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921.
- 3.
Francis William Aston, 1877–1945, was an English chemist and physicist who won the 1922 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his discovery, by means of his mass spectrograph, of isotopes, in a large number of nonradioactive elements, and for his enunciation of the whole number rule.
- 4.
Otto Stern, 1888–1969, was a German American physicist and Nobel laureate in physics.
- 5.
Christopher Kelk Ingold, 1893–1970, was a British chemist based in Leeds and London, and was regarded as one of the chief pioneers of physical organic chemistry.
- 6.
Antoine-Laurent de Lavoisier, 1743–1794, was a French nobleman and chemist who was central to the eighteenth-century chemical revolution and who had a large influence on both the history of chemistry and the history of biology.
- 7.
John Dalton, 1766–1844, was an English chemist, physicist, and meteorologist. He is best known for proposing the modern atomic theory and for his research into color blindness, sometimes referred to as Daltonism in his honor.
- 8.
E. P. Wigner, 1902–1995, was a Hungarian American theoretical physicist and mathematician. He received half of the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1963 “for his contributions to the theory of the atomic nucleus and the elementary particles, particularly through the discovery and application of fundamental symmetry principles.”
References
Birge RT, Menzel DH (1931) Phys Rev 37:1669–1671
Urey HC, Hurphy GM (1933) J Chem Phys 1:512–513
Urey HC, Rittenberg D (1933) J Chem Phys 1:137–143
Ingold EH, Ingold CK, Whitaker H et al (1934) Nature 661
Christiansen WN, Crabtree RW, Laby TH (1935) Nature 870
Urey HC, Brickwedde FG, Murphy GM (1932) Phys Rev 40:1–15
Lewis GN, Macdonald RT (1933) J Chem Phys 1:341–344
Bleakney W, Gould AJ (1933) Phys Rev 44:265–268
Edwards AJ, Bell RP, Wolfenden JH (1935) Nature 135:793
Hall NF, Jones TO (1936) J Am Chem Soc 58:1915
Johnston HL (1935) J Am Chem Soc 57:2737
Tronstad L, Nordhagen J, Brum J (1935) Nature 136:515
Morita N, Titani T (1936) Bull Chem Soc Japan 11:403
Gabbard JL, Dole M (1937) J Am Chem Soc 59:181–185
Czajka DM, Finkel AJ, Fischer CS et al (1961) Am J Physiol 201:357–362
Friedman I (1970) Science 169:467–470
Hughes AM, Tolbert BM, Lonberg HK et al (1958) Biochim Biophys Acta 58–61
Bates JW (2003) Comput Phys Commun 151:149–170
Washburn EW, Urey HC (1932) Proc Nat Acad Sci 18:496–498
Eyring H (1933) Proc Nat Acad Sci 19:78–81
Harris L, Jost W, Perse RWB (1933) Proc Nat Acad Sci 19:991–994
Taylor HS (1931) J Am Chem Soc 53:578–597
Taylor HS, Gould AJ, Bleakney W (1933) Phys Rev 496–497
Huang Y, Zhang H, Liu X et al (2006) Ship Sci Technol 28:26–29
Zhou J, Wang K, Wang S et al (2002) Ship Sci Technol 24(Supplement):45–48
Gillespie LJ, Downs WR (1939) J Am Chem Soc 2496–2502
Sieverts A, Danz W (1937) Z Phys Chem 46–61
Glueckauf E, Kitt GP (1957) Angew Chem Int Edit 69:567
Ye X, Sang G, Peng L et al (2008) J Isot 40–45
Mayer SW et al (1970) Appl Phys Lett 17:516
Tuccio SA et al (1979) Chem Phys Lett 65:234
Marling JB et al (1979) Appl Phys Lett 34:439
Manuccia TJ et al (1978) Appl Phys Lett 33:915
Manuccia TJ et al (1980) Appl Phys Lett 36:714
Harris AB (1970) Phys Rev B 1881–1902
Mckellar ARW, Clouter MJ (1994) Can J Phys 72:51–56
Ross M, Ree FH, Young DA (1983) J Chem Phys 79:1487
Saumon D, Chabbrier G (1991) Phys Rev A44, 5122–A46, 2084
Collins GW, da Silva LB, Celliers P et al (1998) Science 281:1178
Boriskov GV, Bykov AI et al (2005) Phys Rev B 71:092104
Silvera IF (1980) Rev Mod Phys 52:393
Cui L, Chen NH, Jeon SJ et al (1994) Phys Rev Lett 72:3048
Mao HK, Jephcoat AP, Hemley RJ et al (1988) Science 239:1131
Cui L, Chen NH, Silvera IF (1995) Phys Rev B 51:14987–14997
Kaxiras E, Broughton J (1992) Europhys Lett 17:151
Ubbelohde AR (1936) Nature 14:845
Eremets MI, Troyan IA (2011) Nat Mater 10:927–931
Dias RP, Silvera IF (2017) Science 355:715–718
Wu R, Yang G, Fang J (1988) Mater Rev 20:9–12
Zang Q, Cao M, Xie Y et al (2014) J Atom Mol Phys 31:50–56
Becker EW, Bier K, Henkes W et al (1956) Z Phys 146:333
Sindzingre P, Ceperley DM, Klein ML (1991) Phys Rev Lett 67:1871
Gerbenev S, Sartakov B, Toennies JP et al (2000) Science 289:1532
Tejeda G, Fernández JM, Montero S et al (2004) Phys Rev Lett 92:223401
Ekinci Y, Knuth EL, Toennies JP (2006) J Chem Phys 125:133409
Kornilov O, Toennies JP (2008) J Chem Phys 128:194306
Ditmire T, Donnelly T, Rubenchik AM et al (1996) Phys Rev A 53:3379
Ditmire T, Zweiback J, Yanovsky VP et al (1999) Nature 398:489
Eberle U, Felderhoff M, Schüth F (2009) Angew Chem Int Ed 48:6608–6630
Sherif SA, Zeytinoglu N, Vesiroğlu TN (1997) Int J Hydrogen Energy 22:683–688
Walker G (2008) Woodhead Publishing, Cambridge
Percheron-Guégan A, Lartigue C, Achard JC (1980) J Alloys Comp 74:l
Joubert JM et al (1999) J Alloys Comp 293:124
Latroehe M, Percheron-Guégan A, Bourée-Vigneron F (1998) J Alloys Comp 265:209
Van Mal HH, Buschow KHJ, Kuijpers FA (1973) J Less-Common Met 32:289
Reilly JJ, Wiswall RH (1968) Inorg Chem 7:2254–2256
Sing KSW, Everett DH, Haul RAW et al (1985) Pure Appl Chem 57:603–619
Blagojevic N, Storr G, Allen JB et al (1994) Dosimetry and treatment planning for neutron capture therapy
Murray MR, Benitez HH (1967) Science 155:1021–1024
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Liu, J., Liu, X. (2019). Deuterium. In: Deuteride Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6962-9_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6962-9_1
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-6961-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-6962-9
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)