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Challenges and Future Perspectives of Nanotoxicology

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Model Organisms to Study Biological Activities and Toxicity of Nanoparticles

Abstract

Nanotoxicology is a branch of toxicology that is related to potential effects of nanoparticles of diameter less than 100 nm. Due to relatively small size, they are reported to enter through biological tissue barriers and cellular membranes leading to toxic effects. Release of nanoparticles on the target surface also induces high level of toxicity in target cells. The nanoparticles are usually cationic and are easily attracted to the anionic biological membrane, resulting in the destruction of the membrane and interaction with proteins, DNA, and enzymes of the host cell. The carcinogenicity of some multiwall carbon nanotubes and nanoparticles are also reported in recent researches. Various concerns about the usage of nanoparticles including systemic translocation, direct effects on the central nervous system, intestinal tract involvement, biocompatibility, deposition, and clearing are reported till date. In this book chapter, we will review the potent role of nanomaterials to confer their toxicity at cellular and subcellular levels. Efforts have been made to summarize the new aspects of interactions with other toxicants either by reducing or enhancing health risks and the potent negative effects associated with nanomaterial pollution.

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Author notes

  1. Simranjeet Singh, Vijay Kumar and Shivika Datta contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Simranjeet Singh, Daljeet Singh Dhanjal, Kankan Sharma & Joginder Singh

  2. Punjab Biotechnology Incubators, Mohali, Punjab, India

    Simranjeet Singh

  3. Regional Advanced Water Testing Laboratory, Department of Water Supply and Sanitation, Mohali, Punjab, India

    Simranjeet Singh, Satyender Singh & Renuka Garg

  4. Regional Ayurveda Research Institute for Drug Development, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Vijay Kumar

  5. Department of Zoology, Doaba College, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Shivika Datta

  6. Department of Microbiology, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India

    Punmeet Kaur

Authors
  1. Simranjeet Singh
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  2. Vijay Kumar
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  3. Shivika Datta
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  4. Satyender Singh
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  5. Daljeet Singh Dhanjal
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  6. Renuka Garg
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  7. Punmeet Kaur
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  8. Kankan Sharma
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  9. Joginder Singh
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Correspondence to Joginder Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Busi Siddhardha

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Pondicherry, India

    Madhu Dyavaiah

  3. Materials Research Group, iThemba LABS-National Research Fond., Cape Town, South Africa

    Kaviyarasu Kasinathan

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Singh, S. et al. (2020). Challenges and Future Perspectives of Nanotoxicology. In: Siddhardha, B., Dyavaiah, M., Kasinathan, K. (eds) Model Organisms to Study Biological Activities and Toxicity of Nanoparticles. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1702-0_22

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