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Mechanisms of regulation and functions of guanylyl cyclases

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Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Volume 135

Part of the book series: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ((REVIEWS,volume 135))

Abstract

Although enormous progress in understanding guanylyl cyclase structure and regulation has been recently made, many questions remain. There are now numerous guanylyl cyclase sequences, and signature sequences for discrete domains within these molecules can be identified. The majority of the guanylyl cyclases identified, however are orphan receptors. A primary goal, therefore, is the identification of ligands for the numerous orphan receptor guanylyl cyclases. Identification of these molecules may provide insight into systems such as vision and olfaction among others. In addition, it will be of interest to identify guanylyl cyclase regulatory proteins. These molecules may provide insight into guanylyl cyclase regulation and provide targets for other signaling pathways to modulate guanylyl cyclase activity. Finally, the information gained from structural studies of adenylyl cyclase has shed new light on the guanylyl cyclase catalytic domain, and raised the possibility of a previously unidentified regulatory pocket within the catalytic domain. Understanding the role of this potential regulatory region may provide new insight into not only guanylyl cyclase regulation, but numerous physiological processes.

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Abbreviations

NO:

nitric oxide

CO:

carbon monoxide

ANP:

atrial natriuretic peptide

AMPPNP:

5′-adenylylimidodiphosphate

ATPγS:

adenosine 5′-O-thiotriphosphate

2′d3′ AMP:

2′-deoxyadenosine 3′-monophosphate

sGC:

soluble guanylyl cyclase

mGC:

membrane guanylyl cyclase

AC:

adenylyl cyclase

STa:

heat-stable enterotoxin of E. coli

PKC:

protein kinase C

GC-A-G:

guanylyl cyclase A-G

TM:

transmembrane domain

ECD:

extracellular domain

KHD:

kinase homology domain

DD:

dimerization domain

CHD:

cyclase homology domain

HBD:

heme binding domain

ODQ:

1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 75235-9050, Dallas, TX

    D. C. Foster, B. J. Wedel, S. W. Robinson & D. L. Garbers

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  1. D. C. Foster
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  2. B. J. Wedel
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  3. S. W. Robinson
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  4. D. L. Garbers
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© 1999 Springer-Verlag

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Foster, D.C., Wedel, B.J., Robinson, S.W., Garbers, D.L. (1999). Mechanisms of regulation and functions of guanylyl cyclases. In: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Volume 135. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol 135. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0033668

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0033668

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