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Antibiotic Use in Finfish Aquaculture: Modes of Action, Environmental Fate, and Microbial Resistance

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Environmental Effects of Marine Finfish Aquaculture

Part of the book series: Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC5,volume 5M))

Abstract

Various antibiotics have been used over the past 20 years and continue to be registered for use in finfish aquaculture in the United Kingdom, Norway, Ireland, and Canada. These include β-lactam (Amoxicillin), macrolide (Erythromycin), phenicols (Florfenicol), quinolones (Oxolinic acid, Piromidic acid, Naladixic acid, Flumequine), fluoroquinolone (Sarafloxacin), sulphonamides (potentiated sulphonamides), and tetracyclines (Oxytetracycline). Vaccines have largely replaced antibiotics as a means for controlling bacterial pathogens in cultured finfish but these anti-microbial agents continue to be applied to control disease in both hatcheries and grow-out stock. Bacterial strains resistant to specific antibiotics used in aquaculture have been cultured from mixed microbial communities in sediments after treatments of cultured fish stocks with antibiotics cease. This chapter considers modes of action, factors affecting environmental persistence and ecological aspects of antibiotic resistance of the major antibiotics currently used in finfish aquaculture in Canada and Europe.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4J1, Canada

    S. M. Armstrong

  2. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, NS, B2Y 4A2, Canada

    B. T. Hargrave

  3. Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Biological Station, 531 Brandy Cove Road, St. Andrews, NB, E5B 2L9, Canada

    K. Haya

Authors
  1. S. M. Armstrong
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  2. B. T. Hargrave
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  3. K. Haya
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Correspondence to S. M. Armstrong .

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Barry T. Hargrave

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Armstrong, S.M., Hargrave, B.T., Haya, K. Antibiotic Use in Finfish Aquaculture: Modes of Action, Environmental Fate, and Microbial Resistance. In: Hargrave, B.T. (eds) Environmental Effects of Marine Finfish Aquaculture. Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 5M. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b136017

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